Background: The COVID-19 crisis is fuelling a state of fear among the human population at global level. Especially, those living in informal settlements and slums worldwide have been profoundly impacted by this pandemic. Individuals living in these places are already leading underprivileged lives. Thus, the economic and mental health problems caused by the COVID-19 crisis have further exacerbated their living standards, which has resulted, for instance, in tragedies such as suicides. Objective: In this study, we have sought to identify those individuals most at risk of displaying high levels of fear of COVID-19 in an informal settlement located in the capital city of Peru. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 449 inhabitants living in the Carmen Alto informal settlement. The questionnaire was made up of two parts: the first one inquired about demographic data and the second part consisted of the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. Results: The demographic variables of age, gender, marital status, educational level, occupation, whether a relative from the household was infected with COVID-19, and whether one of them died of this showed significant differences. It could be observed as well that the groups of females, stable workers, unemployed and those having completed a workforce education are at higher odds of displaying high levels of fear of COVID-19. As expected, the groups that had either a relative infected with COVID-19 or a relative death by this had the highest levels of fear towards the virus. Conclusion: The female participants are more likely to display higher levels of fear of COVID-19 due to the terrible effect that unfavorable events have on them. In the cases of the unemployed and stable workers, their proneness to show high levels of fear towards the virus is because they have lost their incomes, due to the loss of their jobs, and because of fear of infection, respectively. Hence, we hope that this work serves Peruvian (and other) health authorities to develop strategies that help individuals living in informal settlements and are in urgent need of mitigating mental health problems.

We present a scheme of eHealth based on teleconsults aimed to reduce unexpected events and complications in type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM-II). To this end, this study has considered the history of glucose tests taken as input inside a predictive mathematical scheme based on probabilities. The resulting output goes to a real-time monitoring system in order to detect and update those cases where patients would require of rapid assistance. The simulations have shown that the opportune intervention of teleconsults might be effective in the sense of monitoring diet and drug-based treatment by employing simple mobile phones and minimal software applications. For example, the case of a critic patient with a rapid increasing of glucose above 200 mg/dL, the opportune intervention of teleconsults might reduce these values by a 50% during a time of 20±2 days. It can also be traduced as the improvement on the stability of patient against the risk of cardiovascular events, or others DM-II inherent complications.

RESUMENEl objetivo del estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de marcadores de infección para hepatitis B, hepatitis C y conocer los factores asociados en los donantes de sangre. El estudio se realizó con datos del registro de donantes de un hospital público de Lima. De 28 263 sujetos analizados entre 2012 y 2015, el 0,6% (n=156) fue reactivo para HBsAg; 5,2% (n=1465) para anti-HBc, y 0,8% (n=232) para Anti-HVC. Los resultados positivos para HBsAg (p=0,319) y anti-HVC (p=0,037) fueron en mayor proporción en los donantes voluntarios. Los resultados positivos para HBsAg y anti-HBc fueron en mayor proporción en las personas de 50 a más años de edad. Los donantes voluntarios fueron en mayor proporción en los sujetos menores de 20 años (p<0,001). En conclusión, la reactividad a los marcadores de infección para hepatitis está asociado a la donación voluntaria y al grupo de edad de los donantes. Palabras clave: Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Donantes de sangre (Fuente: DeCS, BIREME). VIRAL HEPATITIS INFECTION MARKERS AMONG BLOOD DONOR IN A NATIONAL HOSPITAL OF METROPOLITAN LIMA ABSTRACTThe aim of the study was to determine the frequency of infection markers for hepatitis B and hepatitis C and to identify associated factors in blood donors. The study was carried out using data obtained from blood donor medical records collected in a public hospital in Lima. Of 28,263 individuals analyzed between 2012 and 2015, 0.6% (n=156) were reactive for HBsAg; 5.2% (n=1,465), for anti-HBc; and 0.8% (n=232), for anti-HVC. Positive results for HBsAg (p=0.319) and anti-HVC (p=0.037) were more common in voluntary donors. For HBsAg and anti-HBc, positive results were more common in individuals aged 50 years or older. The number of voluntary donors was higher among individuals younger than 20 years (p<0.001). The study indicates that reactivity to hepatitis infection markers is associated with voluntary donation and the age group of blood donors. Key words: Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Blood donors (Source: MeSH, NLM). INTRODUCCIÓNLa hepatitis viral, una pandemia silenciosa que genera una enorme carga para los sistemas de salud, es la octava causa de mortalidad en todo el mundo. Se estima que cada año ocasiona 1,4 millones de muertes por infección aguda, cáncer hepático y cirrosis relacionadas con la hepatitis, de los cuales el 55 % son atribuidos al virus de la hepatitis B (VHB) y el 35% al virus de la hepatitis C (VHC) (1) . A nivel mundial, se estima que 2000 millones de personas están afectadas por el VHB, de ellas, 240 millones padecen infección hepática crónica por el VHB y corren el riesgo de fallecer por cirrosis o carcinoma hepatocelular, enfermedades que, se calcula, provocan de 500 000 a 700 000 muertes por año en el mundo (2) .La prevalencia del VHB es variable según las regiones, se estima de 5 a 8% en África y de 2 a 4% en Sudamérica (2)

Objetivo: Determinar la relación entre el nivel de resiliencia y funcionalidad familiar en adolescentes del albergue de Ventanilla, Perú. Materiales y Métodos: El enfoque del estudio es cuantitativo, el diseño es no experimental, correlacional y de corte transversal. La población estuvo conformada por 160 adolescentes que residen en el albergue. Los instrumentos utilizados fueron escala de resiliencia de Connor-Davidson (CDRISC) y el cuestionario APGAR familiar. Resultados: En relación al nivel de resiliencia, predomino el nivel medio (52,5%), seguido del nivel alto (46,9%) y bajo (0,6%). La dimensión de resiliencia que presento mayor porcentaje de nivel alto de resiliencia fue control y propósito (61,9%), la que presento mayor porcentaje de nivel bajo de resiliencia fue espiritualidad (8,1%). En cuanto a la funcionalidad familiar predominaron las familias con disfunción leve (33,1%), seguido de disfunción moderada (28,8%), buena función (25,6%) y disfunción severa (12,5%). La prueba estadística de correlación bivariada de Spearman arroja un coeficiente de correlación de 0,349 (p < 0,01), es decir las variables principales del estudio resiliencia y funcionalidad familiar, poseen una relación directamente proporcional moderada con un margen de error de 0,01 (1 %). Conclusiones: El nivel predominante de resiliencia fue el medio. En cuanto a la funcionalidad familiar predominaron las familias con disfunción leve. La variable resiliencia y funcionalidad familiar presentan una relación directamente proporcional moderada.

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COVID-19 is a disease that directly affects the respiratory tract, being harmful in asthmatic patients because this condition causes a lack of oxygen, even to the extent that it requires external equipment to combat drowning. Likewise, it highlights the importance of maintaining a treatment or therapy correctly to prevent your disease from worsening or being exposed to other diseases, putting your health at risk. The diseases that asthmatic patients can acquire can result from pathologies, which have been growing over the years due to lack of equipment or efficient examinations that generate complete information about respiratory conditions about asthmatic patients, therefore, by developing an advanced system, the chances of detecting pathologies prematurely increase considerably,  which is an essential tool today. According to the problem exposed, in this research an automatic system of detection of pathologies in the respiratory system was carried out for the care of the patient with bronchial asthma visualized by computerized radiography, so that any pathology can be detected by means of a premature diagnosis in the respiratory system and the doctor can perform a correct treatment on the asthmatic patient. Through the tests carried out by the system, its performance was accurate and efficient, being suitable to be implemented in various hospitals so that the doctor can treat the disease in time, since the system presented a 98.79% efficiency in the detection of pathologies.

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