Preventing Risk Situations at Type-II Diabetes Mellitus Patients Through Continuous Glucose Monitoring and Prediction-Based Teleconsults

Abstract

We present a scheme of eHealth based on teleconsults aimed to reduce unexpected events and complications in type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM-II). To this end, this study has considered the history of glucose tests taken as input inside a predictive mathematical scheme based on probabilities. The resulting output goes to a real-time monitoring system in order to detect and update those cases where patients would require of rapid assistance. The simulations have shown that the opportune intervention of teleconsults might be effective in the sense of monitoring diet and drug-based treatment by employing simple mobile phones and minimal software applications. For example, the case of a critic patient with a rapid increasing of glucose above 200 mg/dL, the opportune intervention of teleconsults might reduce these values by a 50% during a time of 20±2 days. It can also be traduced as the improvement on the stability of patient against the risk of cardiovascular events, or others DM-II inherent complications.

Testing an eHealth model to reduce unexpected cardiovascular events and depress episodes in type-2 diabetes patients of peri-urban areas of Lima city

“…3 histograms of the number of patients (z-axes) versus days (y-axes) and glucose values (x-axes) for three Algorithm 2: Performs Teleconsults 1 Initialization 2 Confirm l-patients glucose information 3 Confirm P available health specialists 4 Confirm t k−s time where glucose test was performed 5 prepares data…”

“…It locates to the diabetic patient in a vulnerable situation to the apparition of unexpected cardiovascular events, for example. We have identified a human group of type-2 diabetes patients which has manifested depressive episodes thereby stopping the continuity of the treatment consisting in metformin and antidiabetic pharmacology [2] [3]. Depression might be an important reason of the why of the loss of a firm conviction to pursue the type-2 diabetes treatment.…”

Anticipating Diabetic Kidney Disease Through Measurements of Albumin in Diabetes Patients

“…When diabetes is not under control, it triggers irreversible and unexpected complications. One of them is the so-called diabetic kidney disease (DKD) which might be the most strong a complication of diabetes [5] [6] [7] [8][9] [10]. In most cases it has as consequence the permanent damage of kidney, so that the patients would pass to the phase of dialysis, fact which would deteriorate their quality of life imminently [11] [12] [13].…”

“…For instance, in the case that the server gives as result a rapid increase of the values of albumin for the next six months, the nephrologist can recommend to the nurse which more attention should be paid on the control of the intake of Sodium. Thus nurse explains to the patient the disadvantages of including salt in the foods, and the future consequences in their kidneys [8]. Together to the recommendations of the nephrologist there is also the ones of the endocronologist which can suggest a dedicate control of the glucose values.…”

“…We can see that the integer number j runs up to N curves, and G j (t) denotes the changing amplitude of the albumin curve which might be governed by the glucose behavior. It is possible to extend the meaning of G j (t) in the sense that it can depend upon others parameters which would have direct impact on the temporal behavior of the glucose [7] [8]. We can express the glucose curve as follows…”