Hepatitis are pathologies of various etiologies affecting millions persons and the management by modern medicines still faces many difficulties. Our study aimed to make a repertory of medicinal plants used in the treatment of hepatitis in the Urbans areas of Bobo-Dioulasso, Dédougou and Fada N'Gourma followed by the phytochemical quantification and antioxidant activity of the most cited ones. We conducted an ethnobotanical survey among traditional Heath practitioners in the three studied locations to achieve this objective. Methanolic extracts of the plant organs were obtained using an extractor apparatus. Polyphenolic compounds contents quantification was done by spectrophotometry using Follin-Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum trichloride. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by three methods (ABTS●+, DPPH●, FRAP) and the reading of optical densities was performed with the spectrophotometer. A total of, 101 traditional healers were interviewed and 52 species were inventoried as being used in hepatitis care in the three localities. Among the species regularly cited in the different localities were Carica papaya (8%) and Agelanthus dodoneifolius (13%), and these two species were selected for the further investigation. Among the parts of plants most used there are roots (45%). Phytochemical investigations of C. papaya and A. dodoneifolius revealed that the best polyphenolic compound content was obtained by the unripe seeds of C. papaya with respectively 14.06±0.68 mg EAG and 4.37±0.57 mg EQ for 100 mg of extract. A. dodoneifolius extract was given the best antioxidant activity on ABTS●+ radical inhibition method with 9279.19±416.37 µmol EAA/g. All these activities could partially justify the use of screened species in the traditional treatment of hepatitis.
Description du sujet. Au Burkina Faso, le karité est une espèce hautement utilitaire conservée par les producteurs dans un système intégré d’utilisation des terres, dénommé parc agroforestier, dont la pérennité est menacée. Objectifs. Caractériser la structure des populations de karité afin de mettre en évidence les zones prioritaires pour la restauration. Méthode. Les sites d’étude, répartis selon un gradient climatique, sont au nombre de six. Des inventaires phytosociologiques ont été menés dans 10 parcelles permanentes de 2 500m² chacune par site, soit cinq parcelles dans des champs et cinq dans des jachères d’âges > 15 ans. Résultats. Il a été dénombré 41 espèces ligneuses réparties dans 30 genres et 16 familles. La structure des peuplements dans le secteur subsahélien est dégradée. Dans le secteur nord soudanien, la structure est caractérisée par une population de karité vieillissante dans les champs, alors que les jachères présentent un fort potentiel de régénération. Le sud soudanien est marqué par la prédominance des jeunes individus. Au premier stade, la régénération est importante mais elle disparait rapidement sous l’effet combiné de plusieurs facteurs mésologiques. Le secteur subsahélien et les champs dans le nord soudanien sont les sites prioritaires en termes de repeuplement des parcs à karité. Conclusions. Le karité doit faire l’objet de régénération assistée et de protection contre la coupe à l’échelle de son aire de distribution au Burkina Faso.
Background and Objective: The present study aimed to contribute to the knowledge of medicinal plants used in the treatment of inflammation in Burkina Faso, as well as to quanti fy the polyphenolic compounds content and to evaluate the antioxidant activity of two most solicited species. Materials and Methods: An ethnobotanical survey was carried out in the urban areas of Bobo-Dioulasso and Fada N'Gourma in order to collect sociodemographic and ethnobotanical data from traditional practitioners. Methanolic extracts of the plant organs were obtained using an extractor apparatus. The quantification of polyphenolic compounds contents was done by spectrophotometry, respectively with the Folin Ciocalteu reagent and aluminum trichloride. Likewise, antioxidant activity was evaluated by three methods (ABTS●+ DPPH● and FRAP) and the reading of optical densities was performed with the spectrophotometer. Results: One hundred and twelve (112) traditional practitioners were interviewed and seventy-three (73) plant species were identified in both areas. According to the frequency of quotation, Entada africana and Khaya senegalensis species were retained for further study. Phytochemical study revealed that the total phenolic content was high in the trunk bark of K. senegalensis (73.12 ± 1.8 mg GAE/100mg) and the total flavonoid content in the trunk bark of E. africana (8.42 ± 0.78 mg QE/100mg). Of the antioxidant activity, the highest value was observed at the level of the ABTS●+ radical inhibition method with the best result 13247.2 ± 219.84 µmol AAE/g (leaves of E. africana). Conclusion: The phytochemical analyses of these species indicate their richness in total phenolics and flavonoids contents, and could justify their use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases.
Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory disease of the liver cells caused by cytopathic viruses. It constitutes a major public health problem. The aim of the present study was to identify the recipes used in the treatment of viral hepatitis in four cities of Burkina Faso and to select the most requested recipe for further analysis. Semi-structured interviews in the local language were conducted by the "snowball" technique among traditional medicine practitioners from May to October 2021. A total of 280 traditional healers (80.35% men) were interviewed and 74 species of medicinal plants belonging to 42 botanical families used in composition of 168 anti-viral hepatitis recipes were identified. The most frequently used organs were roots, followed by barks and then leaves with proportions of 34.64%, 26.07% and 20% respectively. Decoction (54,29%) and drinking (77,14%) are respectively the main method of preparation and administration of drugs. The study allowed the selection of one recipe that will be subjected to phytochemical and pharmacological analyses in order to isolate the molecules with hepatoprotective properties.
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