This study aimed to explore the prospective teachers' critical thinking and critical analysis skills based on gender. This is a descriptive quantitative study with survey methods. The research samples were 50 males and 50 females who take the anatomy and plant development courses selected using purposive random sampling. The data of prospective teachers' critical thinking and critical analysis skills were collected using the instrument developed that was validated by two experts and tested on 20 biology education students. The data of prospective teachers' critical thinking and critical analysis skills were analyzed descriptively and statistically using a software (IBM SPSS Statistic 23). The results of the study show that (1) the prospective teachers' critical thinking and critical analysis skills as underdeveloped; (2) critical thinking skills differ in the components of interpretation, explanation, and self-regulation; (3) critical analysis skills differ on the explanation and interpretations; and (4) there is a positive correlation between prospective teachers' critical thinking and critical analysis skills. Based on the result of the study, serious and planned handling can be done through important learning. The results of this study can be an initial reference and priority determination of lecturers in teaching prospective teachers' critical thinking and critical analysis skills based on gender.

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This article aims to describe empirically and theoretically the role of science process skills as a basis for learning high-level thinking skills. Science process skills are skills that are able to answer the demands of learning in accordance with the principles of constructivism related to the nature of science learning which is divided into three categories, namely (1) basic science process skills, (2) intermediate science process skills, and (3) science process skills high. Science process skills are claimed by many experts as the basis for developing high-level thinking skills. Activities such as (1) observation allow a person to be open to inquiry and be sensitive and willing to observe, (2) comparison, (3) classification, (4) measure, (5) communication, (6) inference, (7) prediction , (8) hypotheses, and (9) define and control variables, are activities in science process skills that are indispensable as basic skills to be able to think higher through integration in the learning process. High-level thinking skills such as critical thinking, creative thinking, and problem solving can be built through science learning that emphasizes the process. Critical thinking skills which are reflective processes in analyzing and evaluating information to determine one's beliefs and behavior can be built through creative processes that are lues, flexible, original, and precise in the stages of problem solving identification, planning, implementation and reflection.

This study aims to describe prospective biology teachers' science process skills in plant cell material. Components of basic process skills such as (1) observing, (2) connecting, and (3) inference, and integrated process skills such as (4) analysis, (5) hypothesis, and (6) defining variables operationally, become the science process skills components examined in this study. This research is a descriptive-quantitative study with survey method to identify science process skills of 100 prospective biology teacher (50 male and 50 female). Fifteen item tests on plant cell material were used to collect data on science process skills of the prospective teacher who was first empirically validated before use. The results showed that the science process skills of biology teacher in IKIP Mataram were significantly different on the components of (1) observed (p < 0.05), (2) inference (p < 0.05), and (3) analysis (p < 0.05), wheres the science process skills of prospective biology teacher are generally in the moderate category (60.38).

This study aimed to develop an evaluative-process learning tool integrated with the conceptual-problem-based learning (CPBL) model to train students' critical thinking skills. The learning tools developed (lesson plans, textbooks, worksheets, and critical thinking test instruments) were evaluated for validity and Effectiveness in training students' critical thinking skills at the higher education level. Validity evaluation is carried out on content and construct validity aspects. This is done through a focus group discussion (FGD) mechanism involving four expert validators. Furthermore, the Effectiveness of the developed learning tools is evaluated by implementing them in the classroom. The experimental design (intact-group comparison) involved a sample group from the State Islamic University of Mataram. The experimental group was taught by evaluative-process learning tools integrated with the CPBL model, while lectures and discussions taught the control group. Critical thinking data were collected using a valid essay test instrument, and the results were analyzed. The validity test results show that all the elements that make up the learning tools in the aspect of content and construct validity have been declared valid. Furthermore, at the implementation stage in the classroom, evaluative-process learning tools integrated with the CPBL model have been effective in training students' critical thinking skills compared to teaching that relies on lectures and discussion. This Effectiveness is based on two aspects, (1) the conceptual framework of the CPBL model, which is constructed and arranged from a problem-based learning model with five learning steps, namely prior knowledge, organize, investigate, analyze, and evaluation; (2) the concept of evaluative-process which is integrated with the CPBL model. These two aspects support capacity in training students to think critically.

The main problem in learning in formal education (schools) today is the low quality of student learning. One of the factors is the teacher's ability to manage, develop methods and select learning media. In this case the researcher tried to use the mind map method with comic media. This study aims to determine the effect of the mind map method with comic media on reading interest and cognitive learning outcomes of class VIII students in biology science subjects at SMPN 10 Mataram. This type of research is a quasi-experimental. The population in this study were all eighth grade students of SMPN 10 Mataram. This sample was taken using a simple random sampling technique, namely class VIII F as the experimental class and class VIII G as the control class. Data collection in this study was taken by giving pre-test and post-test to the sample class students. Data collection techniques using a reading interest questionnaire and objective tests that have been tested for validity and reliability. Based on the results of the study showed that the students' reading interest obtained an average of 60.54 for the experimental class with a percentage of 75.67%, while the control class was 51.79 with a percentage of 64.74% which indicated that students were included in the interested category, indicating that the reading interest of students who using the mind map method with comic media is higher than the reading interest of students who use conventional methods. Based on the results of the study, it was shown that the pre-test data obtained an average value of 51.03 for the experimental class and 51.55 for the control class. The post-test results showed an average of 77.93 for the experimental class and 68.96 for the control group. The post-test data of the sample class students were analyzed using t-test. Based on the results of data analysis using t-test obtained t count > t table, which is 4.33 > 2.00 at an error level of 5%. This indicates that the mind map method with comic media has an effect on cognitive learning outcomes for class VIII students in biology science subjects. at SMPN 10 Mataram.

Critical thinking skills are very important to learn because it emphasizes how to invite students to find and build their own knowledge so that students can develop life skills and are ready to solve problems faced in everyday life. Critical thinking can be trained by applying learner-oriented active learning. Today the development of science and technology affects almost all human life in various fields. These developments make it easier for humans to access all information. In the world of education, the use of technology is very helpful for educators in developing learning so that educators can package and present material to be more quality and varied. The evaluative-process biology learning tool based on the conceptual-problem-based learning model that was developed is a directed, planned, and systematic effort to control the level of success of the learning process and can be integrated into a learning model syntax that can facilitate critical thinking learning. The purpose of this research is to produce a product in the form of an evaluative-process biology learning device based on a conceptual problem-based learning model to train students' critical thinking skills. This research is development research with specific targets to be achieved in this research, namely to produce evaluative-process biology learning tools based on valid conceptual-problem-based learning models to train students' critical thinking skills with components; Semester Program Plans (SPP), textbooks, Student Worksheets (SW), textbooks, and Critical Thinking Ability Test (CTAT) instruments to measure students' critical thinking skills. The results showed that all the elements that make up the device have been declared valid. The conclusion from the results of this further research can be the foundation for its implementation in the classroom, which is empirically expected to be effective in training students' critical thinking

Hidayaturrahman Islamic Boarding School NW Manggala organizes formal education at the junior high and high school levels. After graduating as santri who continue to tertiary education and some who quit education and work to help parents. Therefore, the provision of skills is needed capital to be independent. The provision of learning skills obtained at school is completed at a minimum because the teacher (teacher) does not have an entrepreneurial background. This dedication is done with the aim that the students have the ability in the cultivation of oyster mushrooms. The method used in this activity is the diffusion method of science and technology. With work procedures, namely 1) planning, 2) action, 3) mentoring, 4) evaluation. The result of this activity is that this service activity is able to improve the skills of students in the cultivation of oyster mushrooms, increase the interest and motivation of students in terms of entrepreneurship.