The aim was to evaluate the effects of adding a novel Lactobacillus buchneri strain and a commercial inoculant on the fermentation and aerobic stability of sugar cane silages (Saccharum spp.). In the first experiment samples were collected from sugar cane silage at 5, 20, 40 and 80 d after ensilage in experimental silos and microorganisms belonging to the Lactobacillus genus were isolated and identified, with a wild strain of L. buchneri, UFLA SIL 72, being selected as an inoculant. In the second experiment sugar cane was inoculated with either the novel bacteria or a commercial inoculant at the moment of ensiling and compared with a control silage prepared without an inoculant. Experimental silos were opened at 0, 3, 10, 30, 60 and 90 d of ensilage and their chemical composition measured. The silages opened after 90 d were also assessed for aerobic stability. The addition of L. buchneri resulted in a higher concentration of acetic acid and reduced populations of yeasts in silage compared to the other silage treatments, and a lower ethanol concentration in the silage. The novel L. buchneri isolate and the commercial inoculant also improved aerobic stability of the sugar cane silages. It was concluded that the addition of the novel inoculants L. buchneri UFLA SIL 72 to sugar cane silage can be recommended.

This review gathers recent information about genomic and transcriptomic studies in the Corynebacterium genus, exploring, for example, prediction of pathogenicity islands and stress response in different pathogenic and non-pathogenic species. In addition, is described several phylogeny studies to Corynebacterium, exploring since the identification of species until biological speciation in one species belonging to the genus Corynebacterium. Important concepts associated with virulence highlighting the role of Pld protein and Tox gene. The adhesion, characteristic of virulence factor, was described using the sortase mechanism that is associated to anchorage to the cell wall. In addition, survival inside the host cell and some diseases, were too addressed for pathogenic corynebacteria, while important biochemical pathways and biotechnological applications retain the focus of this review for non-pathogenic corynebacteria. Concluding, this review broadly explores characteristics in genus Corynebacterium showing to have strong relevance inside the medical, veterinary, and biotechnology field.

Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar uma avaliação parasitológica em amostras de alface (Lactuca sativa) comercializadas em Lavras, MG. As amostras de alfaces apresentaram baixos padrões higiênicos, indicados pela presença de formas parasitológicas de origem animal ou humana e alta concentração de coliformes fecais. Palavras-chaves: Hortaliças. Alface. Parasitas intestinais. Coliformes fecais.Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the parasitological contamination in samples of lettuce (Lactuca sativa) commercialized in Lavras city, Minas Gerais. The samples of lettuce showed low hygienic conditions, indicated by the presence of parasites of animal or human origin and high concentration of fecal coliforms.

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RESUMO -Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar o efeito do grau de compactação, da inclusão de aditivo absorvente e do emurchecimento da forragem na composição bromatológica de silagens de capim-tanzânia. O capimtanzânia (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzânia I) foi colhido aos 60-65 dias de crescimento e ensilado em silos experimentais de PVC adaptados com válvula tipo Bunsen, com capacidade individual de 8,5 kg. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições, em esquema fatorial 3 × 5, composto de três tipos de silagens (testemunha, com 5% de polpa cítrica e com capim pré-emurchecido) e cinco graus de compactação (400, 500, 600, 700 ou 900 kg/m 3 ). O aumento da densidade reduziu o pH e o N-amoniacal, de modo que, em maiores densidades, o pH se manteve na faixa ideal. A inclusão de polpa cítrica e o pré-emurchecimento do capim reduziram as perdas por efluente e gás das silagens. Com o aumento da densidade, a quantidade de efluente aumentou na silagem testemunha e diminuiu nas silagens com polpa cítrica.Palavras-chave: densidade, Panicum maximum, polpa cítrica, práticas de manejo, pré-secagem Effects of different compaction degrees, inclusion of absorbent additive and wilting on the chemical composition of tanzania grass silagesABSTRACT -The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different compaction degrees, inclusion of absorbent additive and wilting on the chemical composition of tanzania grass silages. The experiment was conducted using tanzania grass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzânia I) harvested at 60-65 days of growth. The forage was ensiled in experimental PVC silos fitted with Bunsen type valves, with capacity for about 4 and 8 kg each. The treatments consisted of three types of silages (control, 5% of citric pulp and pre-wilted) with five compaction degrees (400, 500, 600, 700 and 900 kg/m 3 ). The experimental design was random blocks, with four replicates. Citric pulp and pre-wilting increased the dry matter content of tanzania grass silages. The increased density resulted into decreases in the pH values and amoniacal-N contents; the greatest densities resulted in pH values within the ideal range. The presence of citric pulp and the pre-wilting practice reduce the losses by effluent and gas relative to the control. As the density increased, the amount of effluent increased in the control silage and decreased in silages with citric pulp.

The aim of this work was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Brazilian plants extracts against fish pathogenic bacteria. Forty six methanolic extracts were screened to identify their antibacterial properties against Streptococcus agalactiae, Flavobacterium columnare and Aeromonas hydrophila. Thirty one extracts showed antibacterial activity.

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To investigate the impact of different dietary lipid sources on fillet composition and lipid transport, we conducted a feeding trial and evaluated the proximate composition of muscle tissue, fatty acid profiles, total cholesterol (in muscle and plasma), triglycerides, and lipoprotein concentrations in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus. Five semi‐purified diets, containing different oils (soybean – SO, corn – CO, linseed – LO, fish – FO, and olive – OO), were supplied to tilapia for 160 d. Fish fed with LO and FO diets had a lower percentage of total lipids in muscle compared with the others (P < 0.05). The highest percentage of protein was found in fish fed with FO diet (P < 0.05). The muscle fatty acid profile was influenced differently by diets (P < 0.05). The group supplemented with SO and CO had a higher concentration of 18:2n‐6, whereas the fish fed with LO diet had a higher level of 18:3n‐3 and those that received the FO diet had more 22:6n‐3 in comparison with those supplemented with vegetable oils. Plasma lipid transport was also affected by the diets: the fish fed with FO diet had higher total cholesterol and high‐density lipoprotein and lower very‐low‐density lipoprotein concentrations (P < 0.05).