Background Self-management is one of the vital elements in diabetes management for adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Although the number of people with T2DM in Indonesia has risen, clinical understanding of the problems related to practicing diabetes self-management (DSM) is limited because of the lack of a valid measurement instrument. The 35-item Diabetes Self-Management Instrument (DSMI-35) is one instrument widely used in research to assess DSM-related behavior among patients with diabetes. Purpose This study was designed to translate the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the DSMI-35 and evaluate the efficacy of this instrument in a sample of Indonesian adults with T2DM. Methods Forward and backward translation processes were used to translate the DSMI-35 into Indonesian (IDN-DSMI). Then, the translation equivalence, content validity, face validity, construct validity, and internal consistency were assessed using a sample of 222 Indonesian adults with T2DM from eight public health centers. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the data. Results The confirmatory factor analysis confirmed that the 35 items all had acceptable goodness of fit. Although the analysis supported removing several of the items, removal of these items was not theoretically justified. The average variance extracted was acceptable, and composite reliability was satisfied. The Cronbach's alpha was .96 for the IDN-DSMI and .84–.93 for the subscales. The significant interitem correlations between some items were consistent with the findings of other previous studies. Conclusions/Implications for Practice The IDN-DSMI is a valid and reliable instrument that may be used to measure DSM behavior in Indonesian patients with T2DM in primary healthcare settings.
This cross-sectional study aimed to examine breastfeeding trends and factors in Indonesia using Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data from 2007 to 2017. The research data were obtained from three Indonesia Demographic Health Surveys. The data covered households and women aged 15‒49 years old, including 40,701 households and 32,895 women in 2007; 43,852 households and 45,607 women in 2012; and 47,963 households and 49,627 women in 2017. Descriptive statistics was deployed to analyze the sociodemographic factors of the respondents. A questionnaire was employed to obtain data on the mothers' age, residence, education, economic status, mother working, marital status, literacy, place of delivery, first Antenatal Care (ANC) place, child size at birth, and gender of the child. Multinomial logistic regression analysis was used to analyze factors related to breastfeeding and how big the impact is. The findings indicate that the trend of breastfeeding in Indonesia significantly decreased based on the characteristics of mothers and children. The rates of breastfeeding (exclusive breastfeeding infants aged 0‒5 months who received only breast milk) among mothers living in urban areas decreased significantly from 41.6% in 2012 to 38.4% in 2017. In 2017, children with normal birth weight (OR=0.87, 95% CI:0.53‒1.45), boys (OR=1.01, 95% CI:0.92‒1.10), and non-illiterate mothers (OR=0.50, 95% CI:0.46‒0.55) had higher odds of breastfeeding compared to children with small birth weight, girls, and illiterate mothers. Factors associated with breastfeeding also change every year. In 2012, breastfeeding was related to marital status and delivery, but in 2017 it was not associated with those factors. Factors related to breastfeeding in Indonesia are age, residence, education, weight index, size of child at birth, mother’s occupation, marital status, literacy, place of delivery, and first ANC place. These results are important for developing policies to improve maternal and child health in Indonesia by increasing education and mother training for early initiation of breastfeeding.
Background: Due to the high risk of exposure of health care providers (HCPs) at the forefront of the COVID-19 responses, their knowledge and prevention behaviors towards COVID-19 have become crucial parts of their job performances.Purpose: This study aims to identify the level of knowledge and prevention behaviors of HCPs toward COVID-19 and factors associates.Methods: This study utilized a cross-sectional research design. The samples consisted of 182 HCPs in Malang, East Java Province, Indonesia. The data were collected through structured self-developed online questionnaires, consists of socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, and prevention behaviors. The data were treated as categorical data types and then analyzed using frequency distribution, chi-squares, and logistic regression performing by SPSS 22 software.Results: The HCPs working at hospitals have about 1once times better knowledge than those who work at public health centers, clinics, and pharmacies (COR = 1.03; 95% CI: 0.72-14.76). Nurses have 3.4 times better knowledge than other HCPs (COR = 3.43; 95% CI: 0.27-43.84). HCPs with 5 to 10-year experience have 6.4 times better prevention behavior than those with less than five years or over 10-year experience (COR = 6.42; 95% CI: 0.57-72.76).Conclusion: The knowledge and prevention behaviors of HCPs toward COVID-19 prevention were influenced by age, residence area, occupation, and the length of working experience. Therefore, HCPs need to understand the new healthy habits and actively contribute to COVID-19 intervention programs.
Myocardial infarction is the leading cause of death worldwide. Deaths from cardiovascular disease each year have increased due to higher levels of stressors, unhealthy lifestyles and others. In addition, according to the World Health Organization, there is usually one death from cardiovascular disease every two seconds, and a heart attack every five seconds. This research used a literature study design and assessed the quality of journals using a JBI cohort, cross-sectional, and case-control studies with the aim of obtaining quality journals in accordance with the research topic. 16 journals were obtained, consisting of six journals from Google Scholar, four journals from Science Direct, five journals from Pubmed, and one journal from Proquest. There are factors that influence myocardial infarction in young adults, namely comorbid factors, psychological factors, lifestyle factors, and gender factors. The comorbid factors that often occur are hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity, while the genetic factors include a family history of myocardial infarction. Lifestyle factors consist of smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet, and less activity. Men are more susceptible to myocardial infarction at a young age. Keywords: factors, associated, myocardial infarction, young adults
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