As it provides the highest rate of de novo bone formation, AB can be considered to remain the gold standard in sinus floor augmentation. All tested control materials showed comparable results and are suitable for maxillary sinus augmentation.

oPMN counts obtained through a 30-s oral rinse are a good marker of oral inflammatory load and correlate with measures of periodontal disease severity.

In the chosen setting and time frame, de novo bone formation did not increase with the additional use of growth factors.

The rinse assay can be used as a screening tool for oral inflammation, which was also related to the presence of periodontitis, in pregnant females attending a medical clinic.