Since the Indonesian government opened the opportunity for private companies to engage in the housing provision in the 1980s, many new cities have grown tremendously. Unfortunately, the growth of these cities has been followed by the emergence of a phenomenon in which the role of these developers is very dominant in urban management. This paper seeks to reveal how indigenous people who live in a small kampung (kampong) are struggling for their existence vis-à-vis a capital power. The paper provides a case of the survival of Kampung Nagrek in West BSD City Tangerang, which lies about 25 km to the western part of Jakarta. While most people there are displaced, this kampung exists, even though the developer has tried to conceal its existence. Employing a qualitative method, we collected data through long and intensive engagement. This study found that the coercion of physical power and the coercive economic power of developer companies have failed to conquer the kampung dwellers. It is not by the counter of physical or economic means, but through a strong social relation that those people in a marginal position will have a chance of success in negotiating its urban form.
The purpose of this study is to examine the capabilities of using plastic bottle waste (PET) in architecture. The controversy of using a plastic bottle in this world brings up the idea of how efficient this material could be but at the same time how this material could rise the environmental problems. Therefore, we need to think better waste management for PET by promoting the capabilities of PET specifically in architecture. By using the theory of Cradle to Cradle to produce a sustainable material product by Braungart and McDonough, we can improve the value of PET’s functional life residue. Research on PET’s capabilities was based on several case studies where PET was used in many different types of applications, but the focus was on physical uses of the material. Some of PET utilizations are in the form of furniture, wall, brick, and structure. The conclusion is that every application must not be applied all together at once in one design. On the other hand, we can use it as an element in architecture, because every application needs to stand with another material other than PET itselves. These utilizations can enhance the life span of PET material after its functional cycle ended.
Indonesia has been frequently hit by devastating natural disasters that occurred one after another due to its geographical location that falls on the Ring of Fire. The loss of properties and the needs for shelter caused post-disaster housing high on demand. It became a significant sector during the reconstruction period of the post-disastrous event. Indonesian government introduced RISHA – Healthy, Modest, Instantaneous House – as a means to rebuild the houses with earthquake resistant technology. This paper highlights the points associated with the construction of RISHA: the manufacturing process, the complexity of the construction method, and the parties involved. Through analyzing the data obtained, qualitative approach is used to identify the key points in order to determine the efficiency and to suggest the technical solution for improvement of RISHA in architectural and construction perspectives as a response for post-disaster housing in Indonesia.
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