Background: By the end of 2011 there were 2.5 billion people, over one third of the world’s population, living without safe, adequate sanitation and hygiene. The government of India is working towards making an open defecation free communities all over the India through Swachh Bharat Mission. So present study was conducted with the objective to find out toilet utilisation and its associated socio-demographic factors among study population.Methods: A cross sectional, hospital based study was conducted among peoples attending tertiary care hospital of our medical college CIMS, Bilaspur. Total 384 individuals were interviewed during June 2017 to November 2017 by using predesigned and pretested questionnaire after taking written informed consent.Results: Among the total 384 study participants 75.8% ware male, maximum participants were in age group 30-49 years (i.e. 44.5%), 72.4% were married and 88.4% were literate. 62.8% study participants were residing in rural area, 55.4% were having kuccha house, 56.5% were having more than 5 members in their family and 27.6% were having under 5 year children in their family. Among study participants 83.9% were utilize toilet. Gender of study participant, residence, marital status, presence of under 5 years child in family and type of house of study participants are significantly associated with toilet utilization (p<0.05).Conclusions:Though overall toilet utilization is good but focus should be given to male population and especially peoples residing in rural area to achieve open defecation free India under Swachh Bharat Mission.
Aim
The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence and etiology of molar–incisor hypomineralization (MIH) in 8- to 16-year-old children from town (Baddi) of Himachal Pradesh.
Materials and methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2000 children from various schools of Baddi. Molar–incisor hypomineralization was diagnosed on the basis of EAPD 2003 criteria revised in 2009.
Results
Prevalence of MIH found was to be 2.9%. Demarcated opacities were predominant among all the defects. Postnatal illnesses were highly associated with MIH. The prevalence of dental caries reported in MIH patients was 82.7%.
Conclusion
Postnatal illnesses are significantly associated with MIH. Molar–incisor hypomineralization predisposes the tooth to dental caries.
How to cite this article
Thakur H, Kaur A, Singh R,
et al.
Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Molar–Incisor Hypomineralization in 8–16-year-old Children in Industrial Town of Solan District of Himachal Pradesh. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2020;13(3):230–234.
BACKGROUND:Cancer of the cervix is the second most common cancer among women's worldwide. In India also, cancer of cervix is second most common cancer among women's and number one killer. Estimated incidence rate of 22/lac population. [1] Cancer cervix is difficult to cure once symptoms developed. Prognosis is strongly dependent upon the stage of cancer at the time of detection and treatment. In our institute CIMS, Bilaspur (C. G.) newly form cancer unit start providing services from August 2013. In our Hospital registry a cross-sectional base line data were collected, it was eye opener that proportion of cancer of cervix registry are less as compared nationwide HBCR & PBCR programme. OBJECTIVE: 1. To find out the reason for low registration of cancer cervix cases in OPD of cancer Unit. 2. To developed/suggest appropriated screening program. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study was carried out to collect all information from-Year 2012 to June 2015, from medical records & Registers of department of pathology, department of Obstratric & Gynaecology and Medical Record Department, information collected regarding cancer cervix patient in semi structured format and analysed by SPSS software to inquire about cancer of cervix patient. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Using SPSS software 11.5 version. Statistic were reported in form of frequency and percentages. RESULT: In this present study out of total diagnosed cervical cancer cases in our institute only 61.11% cases reach up to radiotherapy department for registration and 38.88% cases are lost during referral and follow-up. Yield of cancer cervix screening camp was only 5.75% and OPD based screening 22.89% with cervical smear cytology, both figure are quit low as cytology is estimated to have a mean sensitivity of 58% and specificity of 69% [2] both sampling and detection error probably contribute to low to moderate sensitivity of cytology. CONCLUSION: Coordination between different departments is lacking and patients fail to register in cancer unit, they lost during referral and followup. Overall cervical cancer screening rate is very low with few numbers of Pap smear and cervical biopsy sample.
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