No abstract

Herein, we declare on the biosynthesis of synthesised silver nanoparticles utilizing the aqueous extract of Origanum Marjorana by reducing 1 mM silver nitrate at room temperature. AgNPs were characterized by using some common techniques such as an ultra violet spectrophotometer, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy. Morphologically, AgNPs demonstrated a spherical shape with an average particle size distribution of 63-85 nm. FT-IR studies showed the presence of bioactive useful bunches such as phenolic compounds, amines, and aromatic rings are found to be the capping, stabilizing specialists and required for the reduction of silver ions of AgNPs. The measurement of toxicity of AgNPs and the plant extract of O. marjorana against Earias insulana was also discussed. After the treatment of synthesized nanoparticles for two successive seasons, general reduction percentages on the infestation of the green boll caused by E. insulana larvae in the second season was more by 60.4% than the first season which was 44.73%. Synthesized AgNPs treatment was considered more effective than plant extract for controlling E. insulana. General reduction percentages in the infestation of the green boll caused by E. insulana larvae in the first season associated with the treatments with AgNPs and plant extract were 44.73 and 37.53% while the second season record 60.4 and 51.82%; respectively.

Comparative toxicity of four insecticides against the pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders) as well as the predacious insect, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) were evaluated under laboratory conditions. Field recommended concentrations of the tested insecticides were used in this study. For P. gossypiella, the ovicidal action of the tested insecticides revealed that the three days old eggs were more effective than the one day eggs with the exception of Dimilin treatment where the one day old eggs showed slightly more susceptible than three days old eggs. Concerning one day old eggs, the highest ovicidal activity was noticed in case of Dimilin treatment where the eggs hatchability exhibited 82.61% with reduction of 9.67% compared with untreated eggs, whereas, Axon insecticide caused the highest ovicidal effect on three days old eggs where the corresponding eggs hatchability recorded 77.33% with reduction of 16.07% compared with the untreated eggs. On the other hand Spintor showed the least effect on one and three days old eggs. The corresponding eggs hatchability were 89.47 and 88.00% with reduction rate of 2.17 and 4.49%, while the eggs hatchability rates in untreated eggs one and three days old were 91.45 and 92.14%; respectively. The same trend of the ovicidal activity associated to the exposure of one and three days old eggs of the predatory insect to the tested insecticides. Whereas the ovicidal action was much remarkable higher in case of the predatory insect eggs than the pink bollworm eggs. According the effect of tested insecticides on the pupal stage of the pink bollworm and the predatory insect and their latent effect on the biotic potential of the two target organisms, Axon was the superior insecticide against one and three days old pupae of the two targets. Followed by Dimilin against one and three days old pupae C. carnea. Dimilin showed the highest latent effect on the pink bollworm male adult and lowest latent effect on the female adult resulted from the two aged pupae. Spintor and Pasha caused lowest latent effect on C. carnea adult emergence. Axon and Dimilin showed highest latent effect on both P. gossypiella and C. carnea egg hatchability.

Entomology Journal publishes original research papers and reviews from any entomological discipline or from directly allied fields in ecology, behavioral biology,

No abstract

Nowadays, radiation technology is widely used to produce changes in Biosystems. The goal of this work is to determine the variation induced male Pectinophora gossypiella in gamma-irradiated as pupae using 50Gy and 150Gy. Comparing elements composition and DNA (using RAPD-PCR)

Three insecticides; Selecron, Trebon and Patron were sprayed using Knapsack motor sprayer Cifarilli (20 L./Fed.) and Economy Micron ULVA (15 L./Fed.) in cotton field infested with the cotton spiny bollworm Earias insulana (Boisd.) larvae during 2014 cotton season at Qaha district, Qalyoubia Governorate. The spectrum of droplets size ranging between 140-169 microns (VMD) with sufficient number ranging from 14-276 droplets/cm². The productivity of motor sprayer Cifarilli was 12 Fed./day. It was the best equipment, but the lowest productivity was 3.04 Fed./day by using Economy Micron ULVA. Results indicated that Trebon and Selecron insecticides were almost behave to be equitoxic effective in controlling larvae of cotton bollworm on cotton plants than the Patron insecticide with Economy Micron ULVA (15 L./Fed.) followed by Knapsack motor Cifarilli sprayer (20L./Fed.). The efficiency of the tested insecticides could be descendingly arranged as follows: Trebon, Selecron and Patron. The corresponding general reduction rates were 91.١٥, 55.99 and 92.51% in case of using Micron ULVA equipment and 91.13, 55.19 and 92.20% in case of using Knapsack motor Cifarilli sprayer, respectively. Data showed that, low volume spraying may be recommended because of reducing the time lost in the process filling the machines of reducing the time lost of the spray solution on the plant leaves and saving the lost spray via run off on the ground.

No abstract