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Background: Globally, 2.6 (2.5-2.8) million newborns died in 2016-i.e. nearly 7,000 every day. Neonatal deaths accounted for 46 % of all under-five deaths, increasing from 41 % in 2000. Five countries accounted for half of all newborn deaths including India. NFHS 4 data suggests that neonatal mortality rate (NMR) declined to 30 deaths per 1,000 live births.Methods: Present observational study was conducted at district hospital, Parbhani. Study period was Jan 2017 to Dec 2017. All the admitted babies to NICU were included into study. Data was collected by interview method using a predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire. Various morbidities and reasons for mortality were included.Results: There were total 2471 admission during year of 2017. There was slightly higher admission rate for Males 1432 (57.95%) than females 1039 (42.05%). Pre-term admissions were 501 (20.28%). Majority of admissions were due to low birth weight 1170 (47.35%).Conclusions: In the year of 2017, total 2472 NICU admissions took place. Out of these, 126 (5.09%) died. Respiratory distress syndrome, low birth weight, birth asphyxia were accounting for mortalities. The neonatal jaundice, preterm and low birth weight babies had significantly high mortality even with standard intensive care.

Background: Delayed breastfeeding initiation, colostrum deprivation, supplementary feeding of breast milk substitutes, early introduction of complementary feeding, and incorrect weaning from breast milk are commonly found practices in tribal communities around the world. Aim of the study was to assess the breast-feeding knowledge and practices among mothers belonging to tribal community and having children less than 1 years of age in Melghat area, Maharashtra, India.Methods: Present cross-sectional study was conducted in 14 villages of 4 sub centres of Bijudhawadi, Primary Health Centre in Dharni block of Amravati District, Maharashtra, India. Mothers belonging to tribal community having child less than one year and Mothers who were permanent residents of study area were included in study. Interview was planned as per the convenient time of the mother. Finally, 225 study subjects could be contacted during study period.Results: The mean age of mothers was 22.47 years with SD 3.24 years with range 16 - 35 years. Majority 178 (79.11%) study subjects were having correct knowledge about initiation of breastfeeding. Correct practice of initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hour was seen in 167 (74.22%) study subjects. Significant difference was seen among correct knowledge and practice Colostrum initiation, Pre-lacteals, Period of exclusive breastfeeding.Conclusions: The present study was an attempt to understand knowledge and practices regarding breastfeeding in the context of tribal mothers in Melghat, Maharashtra, India.

Background: The Internet has become an integral part of life. India is the third largest country in the world next to china and United States in respect of the number of internet users. Adolescents usually have poorer self- control, worse self-regulation, and poorer cognition as compared to adults and are considered the most vulnerable group to the temptations of the internet. Objective of the study was to understand the patterns, preferred use of internet, prevalence Internet addiction and its effect on their mental health status among college students in Nagpur.Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out in different colleges across in the Nagpur corporation during the period Dec 2016 to May 2017. Pre-validated, pre-tested, structured questionnaire was developed. Young’s 20-item scale for Internet addiction (YIAT) was applied to qualify for the prevalence of Internet addiction. The 12-item General Health Questionnaire has excellent psychometric properties as a screening instrument for psychiatric disorders in nonclinical settings.Results: This study of college students aged 17-25 years with marginally high male representation (51.92%), identified 30.69%, 26.60% and 0.26% students with mild, moderate and severe Internet addiction respectively. Those who are having internet addiction are two times at a risk of having poor mental health (OR = 2.28, p = 0.01).Conclusions: Disproportionate Internet use is an evolving issue among college going students as our study have highlighted that excessive use of the Internet undesirably affects one’s physical and mental health and social well-being.

Background: Medical education has been reported to be one of the most stressful academic curricula worldwide, negatively affecting the physical and mental health of medical students. A medical student can be stressed due to different reasons or stressors such as the academic, financial problem, health problem or loss of close family member or friend, etc. It is the person’s ability to face the everyday challenges which will determine whether he/she will be stressed or not. This stress manifests itself in a variety of forms, including burnout, depressive symptoms, poor Quality of Life, and fatigue. The greater the number of forms of stress experienced by an individual student, the higher the risk of recent suicidal ideation or serious thoughts of dropping out of medical school.Methods: Present observational study was conducted at Government Medical College, Gondia during July 2017 to April 2018. To collect the data, medical students’ stress questionnaire (MSSQ) was used.Results: Out of 100 study subjects approached, 98 subjects responded. At Ist session, Out of 6 domains, Academic related stressors was found to be highest (1.95±0.668) followed by Teaching and learning related stressors (1.39±0.81). Similarly in IInd session, similar results were exaggerated. Academic related stressors was found to be (2.00±0.61) followed by Teaching and learning related stressors (1.39±0.81).Conclusions: A large proportion of medical students have potential psychological problems. The stressors experienced by the students were mainly related to academics and psychosocial concerns.

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Introduction: Globally, 2.6 (2.5–2.8) million newborns died in 2016 or 7000 every day. High neonatal mortality rate reflects the presence of unfavorable social, economic, and environmental conditions. Objectives: To find morbidities and causes of poor outcome in a tertiary care neonatal unit of eastern part of Maharashtra. Materials and Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit of a tertiary care center, Gondia, in Central India which is situated in remote, tribal place during. Data were collected by interview method using a predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire. Neonatal variables used were total number of admissions, gender, birth weight, and gestational age, diagnosis at admission, final outcome, and duration of stay. Results: There were a total of 2017 admissions during the study period and out of them, 62.96% were inborn neonates and 37.04% were outborn. Males (56.67%) had slightly higher admission rate than females (43.33%). Pre-term admissions were 40.06%. The majority of admissions were due to low birth weight (LBW) (60.19%). Preterm and related complications (49.43%) were ranked highest followed by jaundice (16.46%). Out of the total 2017 neonates, 218 died following admission. Prematurity (45.41%) followed by sepsis (22.48%) were reasons for mortality among neonates. Conclusion: We have tried to present neonatal morbidity pattern and outcome parameters from a tertiary care neonatal center in a developing country. Prematurity, sepsis, and birth asphyxia were accounting for morbidities and mortalities. The preterm and LBW babies had significantly higher mortality even with standard intensive care.

Background: Oral cancer is higher prevalent condition in Asian countries. In India, due to higher proportion of population consuming tobacco in either chewing or smoking and alcohol consumption. Methods: Present matched case control study was carried out in regional cancer institute in central India. The study consists of a total 124 cases and 124 controls. Cases were newly diagnosed patients of oral cancer confirmed by histopathological examination. Results: For cases, the  mean age (years) was 47.62, the range being 23-83 years while that of controls was  47.89 years, the range being 24-84 years. Majority were males (83.88%). Majority of cases (79.04%) were past chewers who had OR 2.61. Maximum number of cases (19.36%) were past smokers and maximum number of controls (12.09%) were current smokers who had OR 4.54. Maximum number of cases (30.64%) were former drinker and maximum number of controls (8.87%) were current drinker who had OR 2.97. Conclusions: In summary, oral cancer occurs more commonly in middle aged males. The statistical data of this study provide strong evidence that tobacco chewing, smoking and alcohol could be in a straight line responsible for developing oral cancer in central India.