A prospective observational study of morbidity and mortality profile of neonates admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of secondary care centre in central Maharashtra, India

Abstract

Background: Globally, 2.6 (2.5-2.8) million newborns died in 2016-i.e. nearly 7,000 every day. Neonatal deaths accounted for 46 % of all under-five deaths, increasing from 41 % in 2000. Five countries accounted for half of all newborn deaths including India. NFHS 4 data suggests that neonatal mortality rate (NMR) declined to 30 deaths per 1,000 live births.Methods: Present observational study was conducted at district hospital, Parbhani. Study period was Jan 2017 to Dec 2017. All the admitted babies to NICU were included into study. Data was collected by interview method using a predesigned, semi-structured questionnaire. Various morbidities and reasons for mortality were included.Results: There were total 2471 admission during year of 2017. There was slightly higher admission rate for Males 1432 (57.95%) than females 1039 (42.05%). Pre-term admissions were 501 (20.28%). Majority of admissions were due to low birth weight 1170 (47.35%).Conclusions: In the year of 2017, total 2472 NICU admissions took place. Out of these, 126 (5.09%) died. Respiratory distress syndrome, low birth weight, birth asphyxia were accounting for mortalities. The neonatal jaundice, preterm and low birth weight babies had significantly high mortality even with standard intensive care.

Pattern of Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality: A Retrospective Study in a Special Newborn Care Unit, Mumbai

“…This could be the reason for having a high incidence of LBW neonates in this study. Similar findings were observed in the study done by Sridhar et al (40.55%), Verma et al (54%), and Adikane et al (47.35%) [8,13,14]. In this study, most of the neonates (85%) admitted to SNCU were early neonates.…”

“…We found slight male predominance (male 54.99% vs. female 45.01%), which was similar to that reported by Saini et al, Verma et al, and Adikane et al [12][13][14]. This difference may be because of the biological susceptibility of the male neonates and increased importance of health intervention for male child over female child due to gender preference in society.…”

“…With regard to gestational age of the study population, about 74% of neonates were term and 7% were early preterm (<34 weeks). Similarly, Adikane et al found 79.72% term neonates in their study [14]. In the present study, the incidence of LBW was 40%, which was higher as compared to average incidence of LBW (30%) in India.…”

“…In contrast to this, there was no single death due to sepsis in this study. Ravikumar et al, Verma et al, and Adikane et al found prematurity and its complications as major cause of death [9,13,14].…”

A retrospective study on neonatal mortality over 6 years in a rural teaching hospital

“…There was an inverse relationship between birth weight and early neonatal deaths. Preterm small for gestational age babies contributed more to early neonatal deaths [14]. Prematurity and birth weight are important factors in determining survival of neonates in NICU, as in the present study, preterm neonates had roughly twice the risk of mortality compared with term neonates.…”