Background: The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of a low and high doses (205 & 820mg/kg body weight, respectively) of the beta-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin on the kidney of maternally treated mice foetuses. Material and Methods: Pregnant mice were allocated into three groups; the first group served as control (injected with the drug solvent) and those of the other two groups were injected intraperitoneally with two doses (205 & 820 mg/kg body weight) of amoxicillin for 8 days from day 7 till day14 during gestation. Results: The histological examination of the renal cortex of maternally treated foetuses showed erosion of the parietal cells of Bowman's capsule, hypoplasia of the mesangial cells of the glomerulus, and erosion of the epithelial cells lining the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. At the electron microscopical level, the alternations of the renal cortex of foetuses maternally treated with amoxicillin were represented by, fusion of the foot processes of the podocytes and partial destruction of the apical brush borders microvilli of the proximal convoluted tubule cells. Also, degeneration of some mitochondria, and fragmentation of the rough endoplasmic reticulum elements of the lining cells of some proximal and distal convoluted tubules were observed. Conclusions:The uses of amoxicillin should be under restricted precautions specially for the pregnant women to avoid the hazardous impact.
Introduction: The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of the beta-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin on the fetuses of albino mice from the morphological and skeletal points of view. Material and methods: Twenty four adult pregnant mice were used in the present study. They were allocated into 3 groups (8 mice each). The first group served as a control and were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) with the solvent of the drug and the second and third groups were treated with 205 and 820 mg/kg body weight of amoxicillin for 8 days (gestation days 7-14), respectively. Results: The morphological examination of the fetuses of treated groups showed growth retardation of mice fetuses as represented by the conspicuous decrease in the average body weight and body length in the two treated groups. No external malformations were recorded among fetuses maternally treated with the low dose of the drug. On the other hand, the fetuses maternally treated with the high dose showed mild external morphological malformations. In addition, the skeleton of the two treated groups exhibited incomplete ossification in most skeletal elements. Conclusion: The beta-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin had exerted mild morphological malformations and skeletal abnormalities in mice fetuses maternally treated during organogenesis period of gestation.
Introduction:In spite of the beneficial role of the beta-lactam antibiotics in the treatment of many cases of urinary tract infections, acute otitis media, and pneumonia, yet some medical reports incriminating it in producing certain adverse consequences following its use. Antibiotics remain important in pregnancy and may be second to only iron and food supplement. Aim of Work: Hence, the present investigation was carried out to evaluate the effect of two doses of the beta-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin on the liver of maternally treated foetuses. Materials and Methods: The pregnant female mice were allocated into three groups. The pregnant mothers of the first group served as control group (injected intra peritoneally with the drug solvent) and those of the other two groups were injected intra peritoneally for 8 days from day 7 till day14 during gestation with the low dose (205 mg/ kg body weight) and high dose (820 mg/ kg body weight) of the beta-lactam antibiotics amoxicillin. Results: The histological examination of the foetal liver sections of amoxicillin-treated groups showed vacuolar and fatty degenerations in the cytoplasm of the hepatocytes, as well as inflammatory cell infiltration. At the ultrastructure level, the hepatocytes of maternally treated foetuses revealed conspicuous alternations, represented by devastations of mitochondria that displayed loss of their cristae and their internal matrices materials. Fragmentation of the cisternae of rough endoplasmic reticulum into smaller stacks was also observed. Conclusion:The use of such doses of the beta-lactam antibiotic amoxicillin induces morphological alterations in fotal liver of mice subjected to this antibiotic during the period of gestation.
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