Twelve batches of labneh were manufactured by using the traditional method and also by ultrafiltration (UF) of yogurt at temperatures ranging from 35°‐55° C. The labneh samples contained 21.3–26.4% total solids (including minerals and unmetabolized lactose), 6.6–9.3% protein and 9.8–12.6% fat. The highest flux rate during UF was observed at temperatures 50° C, but the total viable counts of the starter organisms were lower when compared with labneh concentrated at 45° C. Portions of each of the labneh samples were smoothed using a lactic curd homogenizer fitted with different homogenizer heads (D‐170 and D‐280). Homogenization markedly affected the firmness of labneh and is therefore recommended to smooth the product using homogenizer head D‐280 because it causes less turbulence.
In this research , we study the effect of substrate temperature (423K and 473K) on structural and optical properties for thin films of cadmium sulfide (CdS) by evaporation thermal deposition method on glass substrates and the thickness was about (390nm).XRD analysis showed that CdS thin films prepared at (423K and 473K) are single crystal and have preferred orientation along (002).The grain size was found to be increased with increasing substrate temperature, in addition, the atomic force microscopy(AFM) an increase in root mean square (RMS) with an increase in substrate temperature. The absorbance and transmittance spectra have been recorded in the range off wave length(400-800nm), and it was found that the transmittance decreases with increasing substrate temperature, while the optical band gap decreases from (2.4-2.2ev)for allowed direct transition. CdS thin films should further investigated for application towards the fabrication of solar cells.
The main interest of the present work is in analyzing the lateral distribution function (LDF) of Cherenkov radiation from particles that produced in Extensive Air Showers (EAS). The simulation of LDF of Cherenkov radiation is fulfilled by utilizing the CORSIKA program at 3•10 15 eV of the primary energy around the knee region for many primaries for vertical showers for Tunka-133 array conditions. Depending on the numerical simulation results of Cherenkov light LDF, sets of parameterized polynomial functions are resetted for several particles as a function of primary particle type. The comparison between the approximated LDF of Cherenkov radiation with the LDF which has been simulated using CORSIKA program for Tunka-133 array is verified for several primary particles for vertical EAS cascade.
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