Numerous studies have demonstrated the detrimental influence of residential segregation on poor inner-city residents. This study examines the impact of residential segregation on the welfare of populations in US metropolitan areas using economic growth as the indicator. Panel data of US metropolitan areas spanning 25 years, 1980-2005, are used to analyse the effect of segregation on economic growth. The results show that both racial and skill segregation have a negative impact on shortand long-term economic growth, which have increased over time. Further, the negative impact of the variables associated with spatial mismatch is also revealed. The results clearly point to the need for mobility policies that favour non-White households and comprehensive strategies that promote economic opportunities in lowresource communities in the US.
Washington DC is the center of the nation's ninth largest metropolitan area (PMSA), home to 4.4 million people and 2.9 million employees in a web of 25 separate, autonomous municipalities spanning three states and the District of Columbia. As such, the region is a good place to analyze the pattern of suburbanization of producer service employment over the past 25 years. In addition to overall suburbanization, the metropolitan area has seen changes in the nature and role of its dominant economic force, the federal government. Direct federal employment has stagnated while federal contracts to private companies have soared. Producer service employment seemed to increase in importance in jurisdictions away from the region's core, simultaneous with increases in total employment, following increases in federal contracting, and independent of increases in federal employment. These trends have affected the growth of producer service employment across the metropolitan area, encouraging their suburbanization. By subjecting our initial models to sub-sector data and analysis of temporal trends in the coefficients, we uncover the uniqueness of legal services and additional evidence of suburbanization over time.his paper focuses on producer service employment within a metropolitan T area: more specifically, the geographic variation in the nature and growth of that employment across the metropolitan area over time. As the businesses and households they serve-as well as increasing proportions of their professional, technical, and even clerical labor force+have suburbanized, so too have producer services. Though the spatial and temporal paths of producer service suburbanization have not been widely studied, the sprawling and rapidly growing metropolitan Washington area provides a good general case of those temporal and spatial dynamics. Since the 1960s, widespread suburbanization
The REMI and IMPLAN models are widely used approaches to estimating economic impacts for small regions. However, few benchmarks exist for assessing these estimates. This paper evaluates the relative performance of these models in terms of a given impact: the opening of an automobile assembly plant in central Illinois. Although our results are not conclusive and are limited by our application, we find that in terms of several indirect performance criteria, IMPLAN's outcomes, on balance, are somewhat more plausible than those for REMI.HE REMI MODEL, DEVELOPED BY Regional Economic Models, Inc., has T become increasingly popular among regional planners as a tool for analyzing subnational and substate economies. IMPLAN (Impact Planning), an alternative model developed by the Forest Service of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, is likely to be used for similar purposes in coming years. Unfortunately, many planners only vaguely understand how these models work, and have no basis for evaluating their outcomes. The regional science literature is beginning to assess these newer models. Brucker et al. (1987) review several "ready-made" input-output models, all of which are in some respect accessible to the public. Their work focuses on fundamental characteristics and methodology for five such models.They do not address, however, the crucial question of relative model performance.Many economic impact models are available, besides REMI and IMPLAN, to study regional economies. For example, the Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) has used RIMS I1 (Regional Input-Output Multiplier System), and the Army Corps of Engineers has used AIMS (Automated Input-Output Multiplier System) to analyze regional economic impacts. These are multisector models which generate county-level sector-specific multipliers resembling those derived from standard John B .
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