Transaction cost is one of the characteristics of imperfect market. Transaction cost on soybean farming will affect the level of profit soybean farming. The purpose of this research were to analyze the transaction cost structure and the effect of transaction cost on the profitability of soybean farming. Research method used Transaction Cost Analysis and multiple linear regression. This research was held in Lamongan, Jawa Timur and interviewed 120 soybean farmers to derive the data. The results showed that the transaction cost component on soybean farming consists of (1) information cost; (2) negotiation cost; (3) coordination cost; (4) enforcement cost; (5) monitoring cost and (6) risk cost. The amount of the transaction cost that are formed on soybean farming was Rp144.120,86. Negotiation cost was the highest cost of transaction cost component that was 60,30%, followed by information cost 14,07%, coordination cost 12,22%, enforcement cost 8,03%, monitoring cost 4,23% and risk cost 1,15%. Transacion cost have a negative and significant effect on the profitability of soybean farming.
Transaction costs was one of imperfect market characteristic. The transaction costs of soybean farming affected profit level, and profit was one factor of capital formation. This research aimed to analyze the structure and the effect of transaction costs on the profitability and the capital formation of soybean farming. This study applied transaction cost analysis and simultaneous equation as the methods. The respondents were determined using simple random sampling by taking the proportion of 25% for the three selected districts, resulting in 120 respondents. The data were the transaction costs in 2014/2015 and household data from 2012 to 2014, comprising the assets of land, vehicles, farm equipment, crop, and livestock. The results revealed that the transaction costs were IDR 144,120.86. The negotiation costs became the highest cost component (60.30%), followed by information costs (14.07%), coordination costs (12.22%), implementation costs (8.03%), monitoring costs (4.23%) and risk costs (1.15%). Transaction costs had a significant effect on the profitability of soybean farming. The highest percentage of capital formation on soybean farming was for farmland, reaching 40.43%. Other capitals included vehicles (24.59%), plants (19.31%), building (7.37%), and supporting tools (3.09%). Transaction costs did not significantly effect on farming capital formation. As a recommendation, collective action was required, farmers should be active on farmers groups to reduce transaction costs.
The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative research method using the case study method. Qualitative descriptive research aims to describe, summarize various conditions and phenomena of social reality that exist in society which are the object of research and draw these social realities to the surface. Data analysis includes descriptive analysis and economic analysis related to changes in recommended commodities according to land conditions after conversion of agricultural land functions and associated social values analyzed. The results showed that 65 percent of farmers lost their agricultural land as a whole and the remaining 35 percent still owned their land intact. Farmers who lost their land changed jobs to become agricultural laborers, construction workers, breeders, traders and others who did not even work as much as 10 percent. Farmers who still cultivate agricultural crops choose to plant horticultural crops, namely eggplant, chilies, kale, string beans and green beans. Total revenue of farmers after the earthquake and liquefaction decreased by 35.46 percent. However, from the income side, there was an increase in post-earthquake income by 0.97 percent. The values that change after a disaster are the value of rationality, economic value, the value of solidarity or mutual assistance and the value of education.
Efforts to use land through cropping patterns or crop rotation, better known as farm diversification can be an alternative for farmers to maintain their farming during the COVID-19 pandemic. This pandemic affected commodity changes or changes in cropping patterns on farms cultivated by farmer. This study aims to analyze and describe the pattern of horticultural farming and the level of farmers’ incomes. The research was conducted in three villages in Sigi Biromaru District, namely Jono Oge Village, Lolu Village, and Sidera Village. The results show that there are no differences in the cropping patterns carried out by farmers in the pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. The cropping patterns include intercropping, multiple cropping, and relay cropping. The highest income per year is obtained by Jono Oge Village at IDR 12,054,600.00, followed by Lolu Village at IDR 8,099,262.40 and Sidera Village was IDR 4.416.600.00.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui saluran pemasaran yang efektif, margin pemasaran, dan efisiensi pemasaran kopra di Kelurahan Pantoloan Kecamatan Tawaeli. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober sampai dengan Desember 2022 di Kelurahan Pantoloan Kecamatan Tawaeli Kota Palu. Responden yang dijadikan sampel terdiri dari produsen kopra, pedagang pengumpul, pedagang besar. Pengambilan sampel produsen kopra dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode sensus yaitu sebanyak 16 orang responden. Selanjutnya pemilihan pedagang pengumpul dan pedagang besar menggunakan metode traching sampling. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan skunder. Analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis pemasaran yaitu saluran pemasaran, margin pemasaran, dan efisiensi pemasaran. Hasil analisis pemasaran menunjukan bahwa saluran pemasaran kopra di Kelurahan Pantoloan melalui dua saluran pemasaran yaitu:1. Petani pedagang pengumpul Pedagang Besar, 2. Petani Pedagang Besar. Hasil analisis margin pemasaran kopra saluran satu yaitu MT = Rp. 1.200/Kg sedangkan saluran kedua yaitu MT = Rp. 500/Kg. Efisiensi pemasaran pada saluran pertama sebesar 19,6% sedangkan nilai efisiensi pada saluran kedua adalah sebesar 9,67%. Hasil analisis pemasaran kopra yang berada di Kelurahan Pantoloan dapat diketahui bahwa saluran pemasaran yang lebih efisien adalah saluran kedua.
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