Bimetallic Pd-Fe catalysts supported on TiO 2 are shown to be highly effective toward the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde via the in situ production of H 2 O 2 from molecular H 2 and O 2 , under conditions where no reaction is observed with molecular O 2 alone. The rate of benzyl alcohol oxidation observed over supported Pd-Fe nanoparticles is significantly higher than those of either Pd-Au or Pd-only analogues. This enhanced activity can be attributed to the bifunctionality of the Pd-Fe catalyst to both synthesize H 2 O 2 and catalyze the production of oxygen-based radical specie,s as indicated by an electron paramagnetic resonance analysis. Further studies also reveal the noninnocent nature of the solvent, resulting in the propagation of radical generation pathways.

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Dispatching the output of distributed power sources is the main task in the microgrid operation phase. This task is more concerned with the optimal dispatch of large electric vehicles connected to the grid-connected microgrid today.Full consider the influence of storage battery and peak-valley electricity price, its objective is to minimize the operating cost of microgrid and the cost of environmental protection, and establishing economic dispatching model of microgrid. To solve this constrained optimization problem, an annealing mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed. Through simulation and comparison, the dispatching cost results of microgrid are obtained under two dispatching modes of electric vehicle disorder and order. It is concluded that the orderly charging and discharging mode guided by electricity prices can effectively reduce the operating cost and environmental protection cost of microgrid. Improving the economy and reliability of microgrid operation.INDEX TERMS Microgrid, electric vehicle, particle swarm optimization, peak and valley price, optimal scheduling.

Charge transfer on graphite, a typical substrate and one of the fusion first wall materials, is of great importance in the plasma–wall interaction, thin-film growth, and surface catalysis. We present an experimental study of 8.5–22.5 keV energy carbon, oxygen, and fluorine negative ions scattering from a highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface at a scattering angle of 8°. It is found that the positive ion fraction decreases monotonically with the increase of both incident velocity and angle. In particular, these dependences are very different from those presented in previous studies. A molecular dynamics simulation reveals that, around the critical condition for planar surface channeling, a number of projectiles may penetrate into the subsurface and become energetic atoms when they emerge from the surface. Hence, an exponential scaling related to the penetration probability has been proposed to well describe the velocity and angle dependences of positive ion fractions.

Triton identification in the 6 Li(n, t) 4 He reaction measurement with the grid ionization chamber at CSNS Back-n white neutron sourceThe CSNS Back-n collaboration