. The conference addressed the theme of "Global Inequalities: Hegemonic Shifts and Regional Differentiations," drawing attention to how the longue durée shapes contemporary struggles for hegemony. More than 40 researchers from all five continents presented and discussed research on the conference theme. To help readers appreciate the context of the discussions that have shaped the following articles, we provide excerpts from the texts that provided the organizing framework for the conference:During its 500-year history, the modern world-system has seen several shifts in hegemony. Since the decline of the United States in the 1970s, however, no single
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