Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) has grown as a group of advanced analytical techniques that allow for the direct sampling and ionization of the analytes in different statuses from their native environment without or with minimum sample pretreatments. As a significant category of AMS, plasma-based AMS has gained a -• , CO 3 -• , NO 2 -• , and the most abundant species is O 2 -• (Cody & Dane, 2013). A review by Gross (Gross, 2014) explained the ionization mechanism in greater detail, and the typical ions generated in the DART source are shown in Table 2. Another

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