Application of a fugacity model to estimate emissions and environmental fate of ship stack PAHs in Shanghai, China

Su, Peng; Yue, Hanlu; Zhang, Weiwei; Tomy, Gregg T.; Yin, Fang; Sun, Dan; Li, Yifan; Feng, Daolun

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130710

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…As revealed using the laser-induced fluorescence method, light PAHs are first formed just after the premixed heat release peak, followed by a consequent temporal growth of PAH molecular size [ 55 ]. In other words, the heavy PAHs form via the pyrosynthesis process [ 56 ]. In this aspect, when burning EHFO, a high cylinder temperature (reflected in a higher exhaust temperature, as shown in Figure 1 ) and a consequent high cylinder pressure would promote the collisions of low molecular weight aromatic compounds and the formations of heavy PAHs.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter (PM) and Parent, Nitrated and Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Emissions of Emulsified Heavy Fuel Oil in Marine Low-Speed Main Engine

Su,

Zhang,

Peng

et al. 2024

Toxics

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To understand the influences of emulsified fuel on ship exhaust emissions more comprehensively, the emissions of particulate matter (PM), nitrated, oxygenated and parent polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied on a ship main engine burning emulsified heavy fuel oil (EHFO) and heavy fuel oil (HFO) as a reference. The results demonstrate that EHFO (emulsified heavy fuel oil) exhibits notable abilities to significantly reduce emissions of particulate matter (PM) and low molecular weight PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) in the gas phase, particularly showcasing maximum reductions of 13.99% and 40.5%, respectively. Nevertheless, burning EHFO could increase the emission of high molecular weight PAHs in fine particles and pose a consequent higher carcinogenic risk for individual particles. The total average (gaseous plus particulate) ΣBEQ of EHFO exhausts (41.5 μg/m3) was generally higher than that of HFO exhausts (18.7 μg/m3). Additionally, the combustion of EHFO (extra-heavy fuel oil) can significantly alter the emission quantity, composition, and particle-size distribution of PAH derivatives. These changes may be linked to molecular structures, such as zigzag configurations in C=O bonds. Our findings may favor the comprehensive environmental assessments on the onboard application of EHFO.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate Matter (PM) and Parent, Nitrated and Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Emissions of Emulsified Heavy Fuel Oil in Marine Low-Speed Main Engine

Su,

Zhang,

Peng

et al. 2024

Toxics

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“…Diffusion of PAHs across the water–sediment interface can explain the distribution of PAHs in water and sediment. The ff value can indicate the diffusion of PAHs from water to sediment or vice versa (P. Su et al., 2021). In general, ff <0.2 represents the diffusion of a pollutant from water to sediment, ff >0.8 indicates diffusion of pollution from sediment to water, an ff = 0.2–0.8 suggests an equilibrium state (Cui et al., 2016a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and migration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment and water of the Three Gorges Reservoir

Shi

et al. 2022

Soil Science Soc of Amer J

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Sediment and water samples were collected from Xiangxi Bay in the Three Gorges Reservoir area of China to study the spatial distribution, migration, and ecological risks of 16 priority polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) across four periods associated with different water levels from June 2017 to March 2018. Results showed that PAH contents ranged from 178.61 to 250.20 ng L −1 in water and from 5.26 to 1,325.25 ng g −1 in sediments, leading to a classification of moderate pollution in Xiangxi Bay relative to that in other estuarine systems. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon levels varied across the four stages, with the proportion of two-, three-, and four-ringed PAHs increasing in water and five-and six-ringed PAHs decreasing in sediment across these periods. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the amount of five-and six-ringed PAHs in water was significantly and positively correlated with the amount of suspended solids (p < .05) and that three-ringed PAHs in sediments were significantly and positively correlated with the amount of soil organic matter (p < .05). Based on fugacity fraction estimation, two-ringed PAHs mainly diffused from sediment to water, whereas five-and six-ringed PAHs mostly migrated from water to sediment across stages. Ecological risk assessment revealed that PAHs present a moderate ecological risk in Xiangxi Bay overall, with low ecological risk in the second and fourth water level stages and moderate ecological risk in the first and third stages in sediment.

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“…15,16 Hence, water is the important sink of PAHs which poses a serious risk to the aquatic ecosystem. 17,18 A better understanding of the PAHs sources in the water will help to identify different pollution patterns and to develop control strategies to minimize aquatic eco-health risks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sources and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and air of the Yangtze River

Gao,

Zhu,

Meng

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci.: Water Res. Technol.

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Application of a fugacity model to estimate emissions and environmental fate of ship stack PAHs in Shanghai, China

Cited by 9 publications

References 36 publications

Particulate Matter (PM) and Parent, Nitrated and Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Emissions of Emulsified Heavy Fuel Oil in Marine Low-Speed Main Engine

Particulate Matter (PM) and Parent, Nitrated and Oxygenated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Emissions of Emulsified Heavy Fuel Oil in Marine Low-Speed Main Engine

Distribution and migration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediment and water of the Three Gorges Reservoir

Sources and ecological risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and air of the Yangtze River

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