Polarization-sensitive perovskite photodetectors are realized by crystallographically aligning 1D perovskite arrays. High-quality inorganic perovskite single crystals with crystallographic order are fabricated by strictly manipulating the dewetting process of organic solution, yielding photodetectors with high photoresponsivity and fast response speed.
Structural engineering in multiple
scales permits the integration
of exotic properties into a single material, which boosts the development
of ultracompact multifunctional devices. Layered perovskites are capable
of cross-linking efficient carrier transport originating from few-layer
perovskite frameworks with extended functionalities contributed by
designable bulky organic cations and nanostructures, thus providing
a platform for multiscale material engineering. Herein, high-performance
Stokes-parameter photodetectors for arbitrary polarized light detection
are realized on the basis of solution-processed chiral-perovskite
nanowire arrays. The chiral ammonium cations intercalated between
the perovskite layers are responsive to circularly polarized light
with a maximum anisotropy factor of 0.15, while the strictly aligned
nanowires with the anisotropic dielectric function result in a large
polarized ratio of 1.6 to linearly polarized light. Single crystallinity
and pure crystallographic orientation permit efficient in-plane carrier
transport along the nanowires, yielding a responsivity of 47.1 A W
–1
and a detectivity of 1.24 × 1013 Jones. By synergy of linear- and circular-polarization response
with high optoelectronic performance for providing sufficient photocurrent
contrasts, Stokes-parameter photodetection is demonstrated on these
nanowires. Our Stokes-parameter photodetectors with a small footprint
and high performances present promising applications toward polarization
imaging.
Superwetting interfaces arising from the cooperation of surface energy and multiscale micro/nanostructures are extensively studied in biological systems. Fundamental understandings gained from biological interfaces boost the control of wettability under different dimensionalities, such as 2D surfaces, 1D fibers and channels, and 3D architectures, thus permitting manipulation of the transport physics of liquids, gases, and ions, which profoundly impacts chemical reactions and material fabrication. In this context, the progress of new chemistry based on superwetting interfaces is highlighted, beginning with mass transport dynamics, including liquid, gas, and ion transport. In the following sections, the impacts of the superwettability‐mediated transport dynamics on chemical reactions and material fabrication is discussed. Superwettability science has greatly enhanced the efficiency of chemical reactions, including photocatalytic, bioelectronic, electrochemical, and organic catalytic reactions, by realizing efficient mass transport. For material fabrication, superwetting interfaces are pivotal in the manipulation of the transport and microfluidic dynamics of liquids on solid surfaces, leading to the spatially regulated growth of low‐dimensional single‐crystalline arrays and high‐quality polymer films. Finally, a perspective on future directions is presented.
A novel hierarchical SAPO-34 monolith was prepared by the dry gel conversion of the amorphous silicoaluminophosphate monolith. The obtained material possesses macropores and mesopores besides micropores. The macroporous framework of the hierarchical SAPO-34 is constructed by interconnected spherical aggregates of cubic SAPO-34 crystals and mesopores is formed by the close stacking of cubic SAPO-34 crystals. Catalytic tests show that the hierarchical SAPO-34 possesses high catalytic activity compared with the conventional microporous SAPO-34 for methanol conversion to light olefins (MTO) reaction. The better activity is mainly assigned to the existence of cubic SAPO-34 crystals and the hierarchical porosity.
All-inorganic metal-halide perovskites CsPbX 3 (X = Cl, Br, I) exhibit higher stability than their organic-inorganic hybrid counterparts, but the thermodynamically instable perovskite α phase at room temperature of CsPbI 3 restricts the practical optoelectronic applications. Although the stabilization of α-CsPbI 3 polycrystalline thin films is extensively studied, the creation of highly crystalline micro/nanostructures of α-CsPbI 3 with large grain size and suppressed grain boundary remains challenging, which impedes the implementations of α-CsPbI 3 for lateral devices, such as photoconductor-type photodetectors. In this work, stable α-CsPbI 3 perovskite nanowire arrays are demonstrated with large grain size, high crystallinity, regulated alignment, and position by controlling the dewetting dynamics of precursor solution on an asymmetric-wettability topographical template. The correlation between the higher photoluminescence (PL) intensity and longer PL lifetime indicates the nanowires exhibit stable α phase and suppressed trap density. The preferential (100) orientation is characterized by discrete diffraction spots in grazing incidence wide-angle scattering patterns, suggesting the long-range crystallographic order of these nanowires. Based on these high-quality nanowire arrays, highly sensitive photodetectors are realized with a responsivity of 1294 A W −1 and long-term stability with 90% performance retention after 30-day ambient storage.
Near-infrared lasing beyond 760 nm is achieved in the organic nanowire arrays made from the ESIPT-active organic molecule of (E)-3-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-1-(1-hydroxynaphthalen-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one, and the dynamic intramolecular proton transfer process within $2.5 ps is verified. The single-mode NIR lasing highquality factor Q of $2,340 can be achieved from a single nanowire with L = 10 mm, and the multi-mode NIR lasing with the lasing threshold of 2.2 mJ cm À2 can be achieved from a single nanowire with L = 70 mm.
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