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Eggshell (ES) waste is available in a huge quantity and has been listed worldwide as one of the worst environmental problems. This study aimed to use, for the first time, ES powder (ESP) as filler in natural rubber latex foam (NRLF). Tensile strength of NRLF incorporated with ESP initially drops at low ESP filler loading and then increases with the increment of filler loading from 5 to 10 parts by weight per hundred parts of resin (phr). As the ESP filler loading increases up to 10 phr, M100, compression stress, compression set, hardness, rubber filler interaction, and density increase. Meanwhile, elongation at break and recovery percentage of compression set decrease as the filler loading increases up to 10 phr. Field emission scanning electron microscopy results indicate that even at 10 phr of ESP loading, the fillers are homogenously dispersed in the matrix without agglomerations. However, the thermal stability of NRLF decreases with the incorporation of ESP, as indicated by results of thermogravimetric analysis. J. VINYL ADDIT. TECHNOL., 00:000-000, 2015.

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The effects of partial replacement of rattan powder (RP) by carbon black (CB), mica, and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) on the curing characteristics, tensile properties, rubber-filler interaction, and morphological studies of natural rubber (NR) composites were investigated. Rattan powder with an average particle size of less than 180 µm was used in this study. NR/RP/CB, NR/RP/mica, and NR/RP/CaCO 3 composites with five different RP/commercial fillers loadings (i.e. 30/0, 20/10, 15/15, 10/20, 0/30 phr) were prepared using a laboratory size two-roll mill. Results showed that the maximum torque (M H ) of the NR/RP/CB, NR/RP/mica, and NR/RP/CaCO 3 composites increased with increasing the commercial filler-loading ratio. The scorch time (t s2 ) and cure time (t 90 ) of NR/RP/CB composites decreased as the ratio of CB loading was increased, whereas, t s2 and t 90 of NR/RP/mica and NR/RP/CaCO 3 composites increased as mica and CaCO 3 loading ratio were raised, respectively. The tensile strength, elongation at break (E b ), stress at 100% elongation (M100), and stress at 300% elongation (M300) of all the composites increased as the commercial filler-loading ratio increased. This is due to the presence of the commercial filler, which brought a better rubber-filler interaction, as confirmed by the rubber-filler interaction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) studies.