The coronavirus illness 2019 (COVID-19) has spread to over 200 countries and infected over 70 million individuals since December 2019. The precise nature of the SARS-CoV-2 infection is yet unknown. In this study, we look at whether a C-reactive protein biomarker can predict clinical outcome or is linked to the severity of COVID-19 illness. Potential research published from the COVID-19 pandemic to May 2022 was found using the databases MEDLINE, Hinari, Google Scholar, and Google search. To extract relevant facts from each original report, a format established in a Microsoft Excel spreadsheet was employed. The retrieved data were transferred to STATA/MP version 16.0 software for further analysis. Keywords such as "COVID-19," "SARS-CoV-2," and "C-reactive protein," among others, were searched to find relevant papers. Only studies that reported mean C-reactive protein levels and COVID-19 disease stage results were included. The review contained twenty papers. All investigations indicated that individuals with severe COVID-19 had considerably greater levels of C-reactive protein than patients with moderate illness. This review indicated that a specific biomarker may still be used to predict the risk of disease progression in asymptomatic and/or slightly too seriously unwell persons.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the principal causes of infection worldwide. This study aimed to determine the etiological bacterial pathogens of the UTI and to determine the antibiotic sensitivity pattern of pathogens isolated. Urine samples were tested in the microbiology department of Tobruk Medical Center, Tobruk, Libya from January 2021 to December 2021. The resulted diameters of inhibition zones around the antibiotic discs were measured to the nearest whole mm and interpreted according to protocols standardized for the assay of antibiotic compounds as guided by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. Out of 1372 patients, isolates were detected in 171 (12.4%) specimens. Out of these, 137 (77.40%) were female and 40 (22.60%) were male. The prevalence of uropathogens isolated from patients was E. coli, followed by Klebsiella spp and Proteus spp. In the In Vitro Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Uropathogens, it was seen that E. coli and Klebsiella spp were highly sensitive to Gentamycin, Nitrofurantoin, and Septrin. At the same time, E. coli and Klebsiella spp were highly resistant to chloramphenicol and augmentin.
At the end of February 2020, the lifestyles of individuals all over the globe were drastically altered by the emergence of a new illness known as COVID-19. This study aims to analyze covid-19 pandemic and its impact on psychological distress, malignancy and chronic diseases. The research method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The type of data used in this study is qualitative data, which is categorized into two types, namely primary data and secondary data. Sources of data obtained through library research techniques (library study) which refers to sources available both online and offline such as: scientific journals, books and news sourced from trusted sources. The results of this study indicate that Covid-19 has a negative impact on the QOL of patients suffering from cancer, distress, and chronic illness. Furthermore, it exacerbates anaemia and fatigue in cancer patients, as well as hypertension or diabetes in cardiovascular patients.
The aim of this study was to describe the current official guidelines issued by the World Federation of Physiotherapy and Physiotherapy Societies in various countries. It was also aimed to define the recommended procedures for respiratory rehabilitation and physical therapy for Coronavirus Disease 2019 patients (COVID-19). A pilot study was carried out for certain cases that were infected with the Corona virus within the city of Waleed -Libya in the period between October 2020 to March 2021. A physiotherapy treatment was carried involving 15 cases over a 7-day period. During the first several days of treatment, there was no much difference in the readings. However, within a few days, cases began to improve, indicating a positive response to physical therapy. On the last day of the tasks, the respiratory rate was recorded on a device (Spirometer) at the beginning of the session with 92.6 and at the end of the session with 94.6, and the numbers increased significantly, and there was a noticeable improvement in the breathing process and the almost complete removal of cough and congestion.
Levofloxacin is a member of the fluoroquinolone class of antibacterial agents with a safe and effective treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate the susceptibility and resistance pattern of clinical isolates causing different types of infections to Levofloxacin. In vitro antibacterial activity and resistance patterns of levofloxacin antibiotic were studied using disk diffusion method. A total 485 strains isolated from various clinical specimens from September 2020 to November 2020 in Al Saleem Medical Laboratory. This is for isolation and identification of pathogenic gram negative and gram positive bacteria. The samples were involving urine, semen, swabs, High vaginal swab, Blood, Stool, CSF, Body Fluid and Sputum. The isolates were identified by biochemical tests as well as the sensitivity and resistant were tested by levofloxacin antibiotic. In present study, gram negative bacteria were prevalent, 75.6% than gram positive bacteria 47.7%. In the four hundred eighty five clinical isolates comprising of Escherichia coli, Klebseilla spp, Staph Aureus, Enterobacter spp, Streptococcus pneumonia, Pseudmonas spp, Streptococcus pyogen, Citrobacter spp, proteus spp and Staph epidermidis were collected from different clinical specimens. The predominantly isolated bacteria were Escherichia coli, followed by Klebseilla spp, staph Aureus and Enterobacter spp. The levofloxacin antibiotic has sensitive against most of the isolates, E Coli (31%), Klebseilla spp (14%), Staph Aureus (8.7), Enterobacter spp (6%), strep pneumonia (5%), Pseudomonas spp (3%), Strep pyogen (1%) and Citrobacter spp (0.6%). Levofloxacin exhibited statistically significantly high bactericidal activity against all strains of gram positive and gram negative bacteria. Levofloxacin was shown to be active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises have an important role in national economic development starting from the absorption of labor and the welfare of local communities. The importance of this business role needs to be optimized, one of which is by increasing turnover through financial management and digital marketing. The results showed that financial management obtained an F count of 49,564 with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05, which means that there is an influence of the financial management variable (X1) on the variable increasing MSME turnover (Y). While the digital marketing variable obtained an F count of 17,812 with a significance level of 0.000 <0.05, which means that there is an influence of the Digital Marketing variable (X2) on the variable increasing MSME turnover (Y). Based on the multiple linear regression test, the results show that financial management and digital marketing simultaneously have a significant effect on increasing MSME turnover in the city of Bandung.
The poultry industry is the one of largest industries in Pakistan but unlucky it is facing a lot of problems. The purpose of this letter is to bring light to infectious Bronchitis and the method to control it. Infectious Bronchitis is a major disease in poultry It is a viral disease it spreads from bird to bird and it is a disease of the upper respiratory tract [1,2,3]. It is like the Human Coronavirus but Human Corona Virus was observed later in 2019 in Wuhan China [4,6] while avian coronavirus was observed many years ago. Infectious bronchitis is caused by Corona Virus which belongs to Corona Viridae. Corona viridae is very large group of viruses causing disease in human [5] as well as in birds. There are some major signs of infectious Bronchitis e.g plague in bronchioles, sneezing, coughing, and off feed. The main issue is that it is difficult to diagnose the disease without postmortem as some diseases have the same signs like gasping, sneezing and cough are also symptoms of Newcastle disease [7]. So for the confirmation of that disease postmortem is compulsory and we can also take help from the laboratory.
The efficacy profile of lidocaine as a local anesthetic is characterized by a rapid onset of action and an intermediate duration of efficacy. Longer-acting substances such as bupivacaine are sometimes given preference for spinal and peridural anesthesias, however, lidocaine, on the other hand, has the advantage of a rapid onset of action. Adrenaline supplements could delay the resorption and the duration of efficacy could be doubled. Lidocaine is the most important class 1B antiarrhythmic drug: it is used intravenously for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias (for acute myocardial infarction, digitalis poisoning, cardioversion, or cardiac catheterization). Lidocaine has also been efficient in refractory cases of status epilepticus. Lidocaine may cause significant pain on initial injection due to the agent stimulating nociceptors before it exerts its effects on sodium channels; this can be counteracted by buffering the lidocaine with small volumes ofsodium bicarbonate shortly before use, making the solution less acidic. Pain can also be reduced by warming the solution to body temperature, injecting more slowly, using narrow cannulas, and injecting at 90 degrees to the skin.
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