The problem of language aggression, hostility, and contempt is one of the most acute in the modern world. The rapid spread of this phenomenon is associated with the development of the Internet and social networks, which led to revolutionary changes in people's communication and the emergence of new types of socio-political interaction. The accessibility of internet resources, the absence of communication barriers that are present in real life, and the speed of information transmission have greatly expanded social contacts. The growth of language aggression, hostility, and contempt in society and the resulting need to invent and implement models of nonviolent language interaction have created new areas for research for Ukrainian linguists. The purpose of the study is to define such concepts as language aggression, hostility, and contempt; to identify the dominant areas of language aggression, hostility, and contempt in the Ukrainian political internet discourse. Language aggression, hostility, and contempt are aimed at humiliating other people or a group of people. The most frequent stereotypes of aggression are associated with discrediting based on political views, ethnicity, language views, less often – gender, age, religion, social status, etc.
Ukrainian literary language is a complex communicative system, synchronous-diachronic section of which is informative regarding the state of development of national consciousness, intellectual level of society, and in a broader sense – concerning inscribing of the language in the history of national and world culture. This article is devoted to tracing the temporal and conceptual dynamics of the stylistic norm in the work of Ukrainian writers of the 20th century. The methodological basis for the study was made by such methods as comparison and analysis of literary works of Ukrainian writers of the XX century. As a result of the study, the authors concluded that the linguistic norm is a cognitive reference point for the scientific parameterization of the style norm of artistic discourse. The authors also emphasize that the dynamism of the stylistic artistic norm lies in the ability of the poetic language to respond to the development of artistic and linguistic consciousness, thinking of both the author and the reader in various manifestations.
The article carries out a cognitive-textual analysis of artistic (mainly poetic and song) and journalistic texts of 2022 — the beginning of 2023, primarily taking into account their nature as linguistic imprints of today’s objective reality and linguistic consciousness of Ukrainians. It was determined that the contrast between one’s own and another’s assessments occurs most clearly in the thematic segments language, space, society. It has been established that in the conditions of Russian aggression, the evaluations of “own” and “foreign” are sharply polarized: the linguistic description of “own” takes place in the coordinates of heroization, on the other hand, the language strategy of dehumanization is maximally actualized in relation to “foreign”. The potentially neutral semantic zone “another” (as an intermediate, connecting link between “own” and “foreign”) in the texts of the war is leveled, erased. Within the framework of the analysis of the thematic segment “language”, it is emphasized that in 2022 there was a radical expansion of the Ukrainian-speaking communicative space. This expansion is motivated by the awareness of the importance of language as a symbol of national identity. Axiological polarization in assessments of one’s space (Ukraine — Russia) and society (Ukrainians — Russians) is manifested at the level of vocabulary, phraseology, grammar, trope creation. Keywords: linguosophy, opposition “own — foreign”, war texts, evaluability, time-marked axiological norm.
The article deals with the problem of reinterpretation of quotes which Ukrainian literary language and contemporary Ukrainian communicative practice adopted from Ivan Kotliarevs’kyj’s texts. From the point of view of methodology modern interpretation of Kotliarevs’kyj’s precedent statements envisages the understanding of national philosophy and intertextual openness of his poetry. The heuristic value of supervision sabove the using of such quotations in contemporary language practice is related to their study as active units of living Ukrainian communication in different functional spheres. That is why the status of I. Kotlyarevsky's precedent statements as active units of modern Ukrainian language is substantiated. Their relevance for Ukrainian texts of different genres (artistic, journalistic, Internet communication) is demonstrated. Text-forming, functional-stylistic, communicative-pragmatic, axiological aspects of the reinterpretation of quotations, mastered by Ukrainian language-literary practice from the texts of the poem "Aeneid" and the play "Natalka Poltavka" are traced. Their relevance as carriers of linguistic and cultural information has been demonstrated. It is shown, that Kotlyarevsky's precedent statements have a bility to separate from the precedent source, acquire some new connotations that areprede fined by a sociocultural or sociopolitical situation. Thea im of this study is to demonstrate that Kotlyarevsky's precedent statements are active constructive (from the point of text-building and content-building) units of modern Ukrainian texts. The article gives a detailed analysis of contextual pragmatics of Kotlyarevsky's intexts. One of the main ideas of this study is to demonstrate that Kotlyarevsky's aphoristic and potentially aphoristic statements has a specific function of mental consolidation of the Ukrainian poetic and – in the global dimension – literary language.
Political rhetoric is a clearly socio-centric discourse. In the texts that exemplify this discourse, there is a manipulative-speculative experience of interpretation the texts of the previous culture. The main aspects of the pragmatics of precedent statements in the texts of political rhetoric are argumentativeness, manipulativeness and polemicality. Political language units of communication are: 1) unknown to the general public (they testify to the intelligence, education of political speakers), 2) recognizable precedent statements. The using of the latter provides the effect of communicative proximity, the realization of the communicative situation in axiological coordinates «one’s own – another’s». The using of precedent statements in the language of the policy and their receptiveness to the target audience is an indicator of the proportionality of individual, social or national cultural spheres.
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