Ketidaktepatan penggunaan antibiotik banyak ditemukan di masyarakat luas. Hal ini dapat menjadi penyebab terjadinya resiko buruk seperti resistensi antibiotik. Studi awal yang dilakukan pada 15 warga Kecamatan Glagah menunjukkan sebanyak 73% menggunakan antibiotik untuk penyakit non infeksi atau membelinya tanpa resep dokter. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui tingkat pengetahuan dan perilaku penggunaan antibiotik serta meneliti hubungan antara pengetahuan dan perilaku penggunaan antibiotik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian dalam bentuk survey dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode purposive sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan berupa kuesioner tertutup. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis Spearman. Penelitian dilakukan pada 96 konsumen apotek-apotek di Kecamatan Glagah, Kabupaten Lamongan. Hasil yang didapat yakni mayoritas responden berjenis kelamin perempuan (64%), berusia antara 18-40 tahun (75%). Pendidikan terakhir mayoritas responden adalah SMA (55%). Mayoritas responden adalah ibu rumah tangga (32%). Antibiotik yang banyak digunakan oleh responden adalah amoxicillin (63%). Tingkat pengetahuan responden dengan kategori pengetahuan baik sebanyak 8%, kategori cukup sebanyak 35%, dan kategori kurang sebanyak 57%. Adapun kategori perilaku baik sebanyak 22%, kategori cukup sebanyak 66%, dan kategori kurang sebanyak 12%. Hasil uji Spearman didapatkan nilai significance 0,000, nilai koefisien korelasi sebesar 0,431, dan arah korelasi positif (+). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan perilaku penggunaan antibiotik pada konsumen Apotek
Pharmaceutical service is a form of health service in pharmacy as an inseparable unit that plays a significant role in improving the quality of life of patients and also increasing patient satisfaction. Based on the preliminary study, the services whose provided by the Ganesha Farma Pharmacy staff are less satisfying to consumers, related to the friendliness of the pharmacy staff and the lack of provision of drug information by pharmacy staff. Therefore, in this study, it is expected to know the level of customer satisfaction at the Ganesha Farma Pharmacy, Lamongan Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of customer satisfaction with pharmaceutical service at Ganesha Farma Pharmacy in Lamongan Regency. The type of research was descriptive with a quantitative approach. The sampling method was non-probability sampling with the purposive sampling technique. The samples obtained were 100 respondents. The method of calculating the level of customer satisfaction was the Customer Satisfaction Index (CSI) method. The results showed that the level of satisfaction at the reliability dimension of 70.8% (satisfied), responsivenesss 68.8% (satisfied), assurance 69% (satisfied), empathy 69.8 (satisfied), tangible 69.4% (satisfied). The conclusion of this study is the level of customer satisfaction towards pharmaceutical services at Ganesha Farma Pharmacy, Lamongan Regency is 69.56% with the satisfied category.
Abstract—Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) was the presence of the large number of microorganisms in the urine that can cause urinary tract infections. UTIs were infection whose incidence is still high in Indonesia. The main therapy of UTIs was using antibiotics. The immense of antibiotic use can cause irrationality. This irrationality would give some negative effects such as allergic reaction, physiological changes, and antibiotic resistance. The purpose of this study was to know the quality of antibiotic use in UTI patients in Kanjuruhan Region General Hospital. The type of research was observational by the cross-sectional design. The data were taken retrospectively during September-November 2019 and used the medical records of 27 UTI inpatients. The results of this study determined 20% including category 0 (approriate use of antibiotic), 2,86% category I (antibiotic use not correct timing); 28,57% category II A (antibiotic use not correct dose); 34,29% category II B (antibiotic use not correct interval); 11,42% category III B (antibiotic use is too short) and 2,86% category IV A (there is more effective alternative). Keywords: antibiotic, gyssens, urinary tract Abstrak—Infeksi Saluran Kemih (ISK) merupakan suatu keadaan dimana terdapat mikroorganisme dalam urin yang jumlahnya sangat banyak dan mampu mengakibatkan infeksi pada saluran kemih. ISK tergolong penyakit infeksi yang angka kejadiannya masih tinggi di Indonesia. Terapi utama ISK adalah terapi dengan menggunakan antibiotik. Meluasnya penggunaan antibiotik dapat menyebabkan tidak rasionalnya penggunaan antibiotik. Penatalaksanaan terapi antibiotik yang tidak rasional dapat menimbulkan risiko antara lain adalah reaksi alergi, toksisitas, perubahan fisiologi, dan resistensi antibiotik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kualitas penggunaan antibiotik pada pasien ISK di RSUD Kanjuruhan Kabupaten Malang. Jenis penelitian adalah observasional dengan menggunakan desain penelitian cross-sectional. Pengambilan data dilakukan secara retrospektif selama bulan September-November 2019 dan menggunakan 27 data rekam medik pasien ISK Rawat Inap. Hasil evaluasi kualitatif menunjukkan, sebesar 20% termasuk kategori 0 (penggunaan antibiotik tepat/bijak); 2,86% kategori I (penggunaan antibiotik tidak tepat waktu); 28,57% kategori II A (penggunaan antibiotik tidak tepat dosis); 34,29% kategori II B (penggunaan antibiotik tidak tepat interval pemberian); 11,42% kategori III B (penggunaan antibiotik terlalu singkat); dan 2,86% kategori IV A (ada antibiotik lain yang lebih efektif). Kata kunci : antibiotik, gyssens, infeksi saluran kemih
Ibuprofen is an anti-inflammatory class of non-steroidal propionic acid used in the treatment of osteoarthritis, analgesics, and antipyretics. Ibuprofen made in a transdermal patch to avoid side effects of irritation to the stomach, first pass effect on application oral. This aims of the research to determine the physical characteristics of the patch, the effect of propylene glycol concentration (150 mg, 200 mg, 250 mg) on the thickness patch, pH, and the rate of penetration as increase in penetration of the ibuprofen transdermal patch. Patch preparations were made in 3 draft formulas with varying concentrations of propylene glycol 150 mg, 200 mg, and 250 mg. The method used for penetration testing is Franz diffusion cells. The results of physical characteristics are clear, odorless, dry, not cracked,> 300 folds, thickness ranges from 0.142 to 0.184. The concentration of propylene glycol effects (p-value> 0.05) the penetration and no effect (p-value> 0.05) the pH test. Increasing the concentration of propylene glycol causes an increase medicine that penetrate the skin.
<p>The root of <em>Calotropis gigantea</em> (thistle) is an Indonesian herb to treat cancer based on empirical and scientific evidences. The study aims to find out the infuence of ethanol extract of <em>Calotropis gigantea</em> root<em> </em>in inhibiting cancer cell growth of <em>Mus musculus</em> fibrosarcoma in vivo and to find out metabolite compound in the <em>Calotropis gigantea</em> root<em> </em>extract. The effect of cancer cell growth inhibition was tested on Mus musculus inducted with 7.12-dimetilbenz (α) antrasena (DMBA) and dose treatment of 50, 100 and 150 mg/Kg body weight. The metabolomic analysis on the root employs UPLC-QToF-MS/MS as a positive ESI ion source, the movement phase of water/acid mixture is 99.9/0.1 [v/v] and acetonitrile/formic acid was 99.9/0.1 [v/v] with gradient elution system and stationary phase of C18. The chromatogram was analyzed using Masslynx<em> </em>4.1. The component identification was based on the m/z ratio measured in <em>Masslynx </em>and m/z counted in chemdraw<em>.</em> The result of the study showed that the <em>Calotropis gigantea</em> root extract with the dose of 50, 100 dan 150 mg/Kg body weight were able to increase the weight of fibrosarcoma mice and have a significant influence on caspase-3 expression with cell apoptosis index 24.3 %; 13.3 % and 12.3 % respectively. The result of metabolomic analysis showed 14 compounds found in the root extract. There are two major compounds: 4-Chlorobenzenethiol with the area 32.51% and N-[1-(Adamantan-1-yl) ethyl]-2-(1-piperidinyl)-4-quinazolinamine with the area 37.20%. They are indicated responsible for the anticancer activity of <em>Calotropis gigantea</em> root<em> </em>extract.</p><p><strong> </strong><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>Calotropis gigantea</em>, caspase-3,<strong> </strong>fibrosarcoma, metabolomic, UPLC-QToF-MS/MS</p>
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