Healthy coral reefs include several benefits for coastal destinations. They are indicated as a resource for naturebased tourism and a home for a large portion of marine life. In addition, coral reefs contribute to coastal protection and seafood production. Some of the public health threats of exposure to ultraviolet (UV) are harmful sunburn, skin cancer, and photoaging. Increased attention to these harmful impacts has led to an increased usage of sunscreens that contain UV filters. Studies have confirmed that sunscreens have several damage to coral reefs such as coral bleaching and damage to coral DNA. Data from 304 tourists have been obtained by filling in an available selfcompleted questionnaire in an electronic format and printed one. The statistical program for Social Science (SPSS program V 28) software has been used to analyze survey data. Tourists should have environmental awareness of the coral reefs' value besides the negative impact of sunscreens on them. Therefore, the necessity of environmental awareness leads to achieving the sustainable use of coral reefs by researching alternatives to sunscreens and encouraging the manufacture and use of reef-safe sunscreens.
Egyptian travel agencies should be able to provide services in accordance with the needs of people with disabilities. This research aims to propose a mobile application for Egyptian travel agencies which depends on IoT technology in order to allow them to provide suitable accessible tourism activities. Additionally, it helps to overcome some problems that prevent Egyptian travel agencies from providing their services for people with disabilities to participate in tourism activities. A survey has been conducted with travel agencies in Cairo from August 2020 through November 2020. This study has focused on all categories of travel agencies. According to the Egyptian Travel Agent Association ETAA (2019), Cairo has encompassed 1275 travel agencies. A total of 126 travel agencies,appromiximty10 % of the whole population, have been selected. The main result of the research indicates that it is better for travel agencies to apply the mobile app based on IoT technology to meet disabled people's needs and requirements.
This study aims to evaluate the service quality for domestic tourists taking part in equestrian trekking activities in Egypt. In addition, it aims to explore the differences between assessments of service quality components due to the demographic characteristics of these tourists. In this study, the population of the research includes 141 domestic tourists visiting the enterprises that carry out equestrian trekking in Cairo governorate, Egypt in 2023. The questionnaire used in the research is composed of two parts. The first part consists of a group of questions about the demographic characteristics of the participants whereas; the second part introduces 24 expressions about the quality of service. Likert-scale expressions have been classified due to service quality assessment dimensions. The statistical program for social science (SPSS program V26) software has been applied to analyze survey data. The study has introduced that Egyptian domestic tourists who carry out equestrian trekking activities are sufficiently satisfied with the quality of service provided to them. Differences between assessments of service quality components are statistically presented regarding the demographic characteristics of these tourists.
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