Measurements to take against academic dishonesty should be directed toward not only students but institutions and instructors as well.

Background: The aim of the study was to determine risk factors for cervical cancer for women in Izmir. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive field covered a population of 4319 women of reproductive age (15-49) (household registration in the Mukhtar's office-2007). A total of 1,637 women were included in the sample given a four-part questionnaire through face-to-face interview by visiting the women in their homes in order to determine socio-demographic factors, obstetric history, genital hygiene and the use of family planning methods. In addition, during the data collection process, the women were given group training in order to raise awareness of cervical cancer. The number and percentage distributions of the data were calculated. Results: While the average age of the women was 31.9±9.77 (Min: 15.00-Max: 49.00), education level of 43.4% of them was elementary school only. It was determined that 70.3% of the women experienced at least one pregnancy, 71.0% had vaginal delivery and 75.9% used a contraceptive method. In the study it was determined that among the cervical cancer related risks vaginal delivery, vaginal lavage and having three or more pregnancies had the highest rates, while having sexual intercourse before 16 years of age and having more than one sexual partner constituted lower rates. The rate of the women who stated not having a smear in the last three years was 82.4%. Conclusions: Considering the case in terms of having Pap smear test, women's awareness on the risk factors and early diagnosis of cervical cancer was found to be low. Due to this reason, awareness of women has to be raised through education.

the study showed considerable mortality, a significant loss in function and social disintegration. Considerable differences were observed for subgroups of patients. Future treatment should focus on risk stratification and include postdischarge training programs. Moreover, preventive strategies should be implemented for high risk groups, such as ambulating patients with a history of stroke. Parkinson's disease and syndrome, dementia and nursing home residents.

This cross-sectional study aimed to explore Turkish midwifery students' perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care and to investigate the factors affecting them. Data were collected from 271 students of the Midwifery Department of the High School of Health of a state university in the west of Turkey using the Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale. A significant difference was found between belief in the need for spiritual care and the practice of spiritual care during midwifery training and the total score on the Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale, but no significant difference was found between the students' year of class, whether they had heard about spiritual care, and their state of knowledge concerning spiritual care. An increase in awareness, knowledge and skills relating to spirituality and spiritual care on the part of midwifery students, who are the midwives of the future, will allow students to provide spiritual care to their patients after they qualify. For this reason, the education program of midwifery students should be seen from a holistic standpoint in order to develop spiritual care.

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This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of compassion satisfaction, burnout and compassion fatigue, which are the dimensions of the professional quality of life, among nurses working in a university hospital, and the affecting demographic and occupational factors. Material and Methods: The population of this cross-sectional study included 349 nurses and the study was completed with 253 nurses (72.5%). The data were collected using the personal information form and "Professional Quality of Life Scale" developed by Stamm. Results: The mean scores obtained by the nurses participating in the study were as follows: 32.08±9.09 for the compassion satisfaction subscale, 25.75±5.87 for the burnout subscale, and 18.50±7.57 for the compassion fatigue subscale. The level of compassion satisfaction was significantly higher among nurses working in surgical clinics. The burnout levels of the participants were affected by the marital status. The married nurses obtained significantly higher mean scores from the burnout subscale. There were not differences between the participants' compassion fatigue levels in terms of the demographic variables. Conclusion: While the participating nurses had low levels of compassion satisfaction, they had moderate levels of burnout, and high levels of compassion fatigue.

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