A novel fluorescent turn-on chemosensor DHADC ((E)-3-((4-(diethylamino)-2hydroxybenzylidene)amino)-2,3-dihydrothiophene-2-carboxamide) has been developed and used to detect Zn 2+ and CN − . Compound DHADC displayed a notable fluorescence increase with Zn 2+ . The limit of detection (2.55 ± 0.05 µM) for zinc ion was far below the standard (76 µM) of the WHO (World Health Organization). In particular, compound DHADC could be applied to determine Zn 2+ in real samples, and to image Zn 2+ in both HeLa cells and zebrafish. Additionally, DHADC could detect CN − through a fluorescence enhancement with little inhibition with the existence of other types of anions. The detection processes of compound DHADC for Zn 2+ and CN − were demonstrated with various analytical methods like Job plots, 1 H NMR titrations, and ESI-Mass analyses.
A novel acridine-based fluorescent chemosensor, BK ((E)-2-((acridine-9-ylimino)methyl)-N-benzhydrylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide), for monitoring ClO− was prepared. The sensor BK was synthesized by introducing a new synthetic route of making aldehyde group using formic hydrazide. Probe BK displayed notable fluorescence quenching in the presence of ClO− and showed a great selectivity over other guest analytes. The detection limit was calculated to be 7.65 μM. Additionally, BK was satisfactorily applied for sensing ClO− in water samples and zebrafish.
A new compound BQ ((1E,1'E)-N,N'-((1,3-phenylenebis(oxy))bis(3,1-phenylene))bis(1-(quinolin-2-yl) methanimine)) containing quinoline moiety has been developed as a sequential functioning chromogenic sensor for copper(II) ion and biological thiols (GSH, Cys, and Hcy). BQ had a clear chromogenic response toward only copper ion with a red-shifted absorption. Detection limit for copper(II) ion was calculated to be 1.20 μM. Its application was successfully conducted in test strips. The resultant BQ-Cu 2+ complex could detect the biological thiols, showing the color change and blue-shifted absorption via the demetallation of copper(II) ion. The possible binding mechanisms of BQ to copper(II) ion and of BQ-Cu 2+ to biological thiols were understood by UV-vis titrations, Job plot, ESI-MS, and 1 H NMR titrations.
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