An Acridine-Based Fluorescent Sensor for Monitoring ClO− in Water Samples and Zebrafish

Abstract

A novel acridine-based fluorescent chemosensor, BK ((E)-2-((acridine-9-ylimino)methyl)-N-benzhydrylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide), for monitoring ClO− was prepared. The sensor BK was synthesized by introducing a new synthetic route of making aldehyde group using formic hydrazide. Probe BK displayed notable fluorescence quenching in the presence of ClO− and showed a great selectivity over other guest analytes. The detection limit was calculated to be 7.65 μM. Additionally, BK was satisfactorily applied for sensing ClO− in water samples and zebrafish.

Hypochlorite-Activated Fluorescence Emission and Antibacterial Activities of Imidazole Derivatives for Biological Applications

“…The obtained main product ( DSM ′) was confirmed with DIM by 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, and ESI-HRMS ( Supplementary Figures S35, S36B ). Furthermore, DSM was highly sensitive to ClO − , with a detection limit (LOD) of 0.13 µM ( Supplementary Figure S50B ), which is lower than that of many ClO − probes in previous reports ( Xiao et al, 2015 ; Shen et al, 2017 ; Wang et al, 2018 ; Lee S. C. et al, 2020 ; Nguyen et al, 2020 ).…”

A phenanthridine-based probe for selective detection of hypochlorite ions

“…In recent years, many fluorescent probes for OCl − have been developed by the modification of some common sensor probes, such as triphenylamine, 22 BODIPY, 23 diaminomalenonitrile, 24 thiocoumarin, 25 nopinone, 26 pyrene, 27 rhodamine, 28 benzimidazole, 29 phenothiazine 30 and acridine. 31 The fluorogenic probe 7-((hydroxyimino)methyl)-1,10-phenanthroline-4-carbaldehyde oxime may be used to detect hypochlorite ions in aqueous solution. 32 For the detection of hypochlorite ions, a new donor–π–acceptor (D–π–A) fluorophore based on an electron-donating carbazole and electron-withdrawing cationic pyridinium moiety was developed based on an intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism.…”

New Polymerizable Tetraaza Macrocycle Containing Two Acridine Units for Selective Fluorescence Sensing of Metal Ions

“…A search in the Web of Science® database (setting keyword acridine* results in more than 2400 hits in the titles and abstracts of publications from the last 5 years) confirms that acridines are gaining increasing attention mostly in the fields of analytical chemistry and fluorescence spectroscopy. The interest is still unbroken nowadays, as numerous new sensor molecules containing an acridine unit and their applications are reported recently [1][2][3][4][5]. Most commonly, a 4,5-dimethyleneacridinoor a 9-methyleneacridino-fluorophore is prepared from the commercially available acridine and then coupled to supramolecular receptor units in different ways [6][7][8][9][10][11][12].…”