Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) continue to play an important role in vocational training in the current pandemic and Industrial Revolution 4.0 era. Welding is one of the highly demanded vocational skills for various manufacturing and construction industries. Students need to undergo many practical sessions to become skilful welders. However, conventional training is very costly in terms of material, time, and infrastructure. Hence, we explore the intervention of VR and AR in welding training, which includes the research purposes, VR and AR technologies, and welding concepts and activities. We performed a comprehensive search of articles from the year 2000 to 2021. After filtering through inclusion criteria and full-text assessment, a total of 42 articles were coded and evaluated. While there has been growth in VR and AR welding training research, there is little discussion in their effectiveness for supporting distance learning, and most studies targeted entry-level students. Our main contributions are classifying primary functions in the virtual welding workshops and their adaptation to the psychomotor domain. We hope these results can empower the research community to develop and improve the VR and AR system and evaluation instruments to support vocational training, especially during this pandemic.

Measuring the performance of business processes is already a main concern for both faculty and enterprise players, since organizations are motivated to reach the productivity stage. Employing a performance achievement framework for the relationship between business incubator success factors will guarantee connection with commercial schemes, which support a high level of performance indicators in successful business incubator models. This research employs a quantitative approach, with the data analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 23 and Smart PLS version 3 statistical software packages. Employing a sample of 95 incubator managers from 19 universities which geographically located in Indonesia, it is shown that the image of business incubator factors has a positive effect on incubator performance. The study investigates the relationship between incubator performance and business incubator success factors in Indonesia. It was found that IT, as part of the business incubators' facets/abilities, partially supports their performance; that the entry criteria directly support the performance of the incubators; that mentoring networks also support the performance, with good infrastructure systems as a moderating factor; that funding supports the performance of business incubators, also with good infrastructure systems as a moderating factor; and that university regulations and government support and protection enhance the performance of business incubators, with credits and rewards as a moderating factor. In addition,

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