Поскольку старение сопровождается морфофункциональными изменениями человека, продолжительность жизни ведет к увеличению возраст-ассоциированных особенностей его организма. Цель исследования -провести сравнительный анализ показателей площадей мозолистого тела и ствола головного мозга человека в юношеском и старческом возрасте и определить наличие корреляционной взаимосвязи между ними. Материал и методы. Работа основана на анализе результатов магнитно-резонансно-томографического исследования 88 человек, проходивших обследование в отделении лучевой диагностики. Обследованных разделили на две группы: первая состояла из 44 лиц юношеского возраста (от 17 до 21 года), вторая -из 44 лиц старческого возраста (от 75 до 88 лет). Расчет площадей мозолистого тела и ствола мозга производили в сагиттальной проекции по срединной линии. Результаты и их обсуждение. Анализ результатов исследования свидетельствует о том, что просматривается тенденция к преобладанию показателей площади мозолистого тела и ствола мозга у мужчин в сравнении с показателями, установленными у женщин (р > 0,05). Установлена тенденция к превалированию площади мозолистого тела у лиц юношеского возраста в сравнении с представителями старческого возраста, более выраженная у мужчин (на 3,37 %, p > 0,05), чем у женщин (на 0,75 %, p > 0,05). Площадь ствола мозга в старческом возрасте статистически значимо уменьшается по сравнению с юношеским: у мужчин на 3,29 % (p < 0,01), у женщин на 3,52 % (p < 0,01). Обнаружена выраженная прямая корреляционная зависимость между площадью мозолистого тела и площадью ствола мозга. Заключение. Полученные результаты прижизненного сравнительного анализа площади мозолистого тела и ствола головного мозга человека в юношеском и старческом возрасте добавляют научные знания о возрастных анатомических особенностях отделов центральной нервной системы в постнатальном онтогенезе человека.Ключевые слова: мозолистое тело, ствол мозга, каллозометрия, старческий возраст, молодой возраст. Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.
The knowledge of brain aging patterns, in particular its trunk, is necessary for understanding age-related compensatory resources of the body's nervous tissue. Objective: to determine the human brain stem volume in the first period of mature age and in old age using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare these parameters in age-related aspect. Material and methods: we analyzed the results of brainstem morphometric study of 94 people (48 men and 46 women) using MRI, who underwent brain examination in the Department of Radiation Diagnostics in the period 2019–2021. Criteria for inclusion of subjects in the study: the first period of mature age or old age of the subject; craniotype – mesocranial; history without diseases and injuries of both central and peripheral nervous system organs, exclusion of drug and alcohol addiction; absence of signs of pathology of brain departments detected during the study. Results: MRI of the brain stem revealed a statistically significant decrease of its volume indices both in men and in women by senile age (p < 0,01). There was revealed a tendency for predominance of brain stem volume indices in men both in the first period and old age in comparison with women without statistically reliable difference (p > 0,05). The obtained results will serve as a basis for understanding age-related anatomical changes of the brain stem and allow more accurate diagnostics of patients in the conditions of personalized medicine
Objective: to carry out a comparative analysis of the area of the corpus callosum in men and women in adolescence, old age, and old age according to magnetic resonance imaging data. Material and methods. The results of magnetic resonance imaging studies of the brain of 138 patients (72 men and 66 women) were analyzed. The entire study material was divided into three groups. The first group included 44 adolescents (21 men and 23 women aged 16-21 years); the second group included 50 elderly people (27 men and 23 women aged 56-74 years); the third group included 44 seniors (24 men and 20 women aged 75-88 years). We determined the area of the corpus callosum in the sagittal projection along the midline. Results. The analysis of the results of the study revealed a tendency for the prevalence of cerebellar area parameters in boys and girls in comparison to the elderly and senile age representatives (p>0.05). There was a tendency for prevalence of cerebral body area parameters in elderly subjects over elderly ones (p>0.05). In all age groups there was a tendency for superiority of cerebral body area parameters in men compared to women (p>0.05). Conclusion. The obtained results of the in vivo comparative analysis of the area of the corpus callosum in humans in adolescence, old age and senile age extend the scientific knowledge of its age-specific features. Thus, these data can serve as a benchmark of age-related anatomical norm in various instrumental examinations, such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography, and provide a foundation for further clinical research.
Aim to study the dynamics of brain stem volumetric parameters in women from the early adulthood period to the middle old age according to magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Material and methods.The material for the study was the MRI data of 94 female patients. The MRI was prescribed to exclude a probable pathology of the central nervous system in these patients. All the subjects gave their consent to participate in the study. The study sample included individuals without pathology of central and peripheral nervous system, with absence of alcohol or drug addiction, with skulls of average shape mesocranes. The cranial index was calculated according to the protruding extreme points on the axial section in 3D reconstruction mode. The subjects were divided into four groups according to selected age periods. The first group consisted of 25 women of the early adulthood (21-35 years); the second group included 25 women of the middle and late adulthood (36-55 years); the third group included 23 early old age women (56-74 years); the fourth group consisted of 21 middle old age women (75-88 years). Results. The brain stem volume in women decreased by 1.21% (t=3.84; p0.01) during the whole period of adulthood and by 0.82% (t=2.32; p0.01) from the late adulthood to early old age. From early old age to middle old age, there was only a tendency for volume to decrease by 0.83% (t=1.75; p0.05). In early adulthood period women, the brain stem volume was 2.8% higher than in middle old age women (t=6.47; p0.01). Conclusion.The results of intravital comparative analysis of the brain stem volume in women of the adulthood period, early and middle old age contribute to the knowledge about its relation to age and sex parameters and can be used in further morphofunctional studies and in clinical practice in gerontology, neurology and rehabilitation.
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