The knowledge of brain aging patterns, in particular its trunk, is necessary for understanding age-related compensatory resources of the body's nervous tissue. Objective: to determine the human brain stem volume in the first period of mature age and in old age using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to compare these parameters in age-related aspect. Material and methods: we analyzed the results of brainstem morphometric study of 94 people (48 men and 46 women) using MRI, who underwent brain examination in the Department of Radiation Diagnostics in the period 2019–2021. Criteria for inclusion of subjects in the study: the first period of mature age or old age of the subject; craniotype – mesocranial; history without diseases and injuries of both central and peripheral nervous system organs, exclusion of drug and alcohol addiction; absence of signs of pathology of brain departments detected during the study. Results: MRI of the brain stem revealed a statistically significant decrease of its volume indices both in men and in women by senile age (p < 0,01). There was revealed a tendency for predominance of brain stem volume indices in men both in the first period and old age in comparison with women without statistically reliable difference (p > 0,05). The obtained results will serve as a basis for understanding age-related anatomical changes of the brain stem and allow more accurate diagnostics of patients in the conditions of personalized medicine
Поскольку старение сопровождается морфофункциональными изменениями человека, продолжительность жизни ведет к увеличению возраст-ассоциированных особенностей его организма. Цель исследования -провести сравнительный анализ показателей площадей мозолистого тела и ствола головного мозга человека в юношеском и старческом возрасте и определить наличие корреляционной взаимосвязи между ними. Материал и методы. Работа основана на анализе результатов магнитно-резонансно-томографического исследования 88 человек, проходивших обследование в отделении лучевой диагностики. Обследованных разделили на две группы: первая состояла из 44 лиц юношеского возраста (от 17 до 21 года), вторая -из 44 лиц старческого возраста (от 75 до 88 лет). Расчет площадей мозолистого тела и ствола мозга производили в сагиттальной проекции по срединной линии. Результаты и их обсуждение. Анализ результатов исследования свидетельствует о том, что просматривается тенденция к преобладанию показателей площади мозолистого тела и ствола мозга у мужчин в сравнении с показателями, установленными у женщин (р > 0,05). Установлена тенденция к превалированию площади мозолистого тела у лиц юношеского возраста в сравнении с представителями старческого возраста, более выраженная у мужчин (на 3,37 %, p > 0,05), чем у женщин (на 0,75 %, p > 0,05). Площадь ствола мозга в старческом возрасте статистически значимо уменьшается по сравнению с юношеским: у мужчин на 3,29 % (p < 0,01), у женщин на 3,52 % (p < 0,01). Обнаружена выраженная прямая корреляционная зависимость между площадью мозолистого тела и площадью ствола мозга. Заключение. Полученные результаты прижизненного сравнительного анализа площади мозолистого тела и ствола головного мозга человека в юношеском и старческом возрасте добавляют научные знания о возрастных анатомических особенностях отделов центральной нервной системы в постнатальном онтогенезе человека.Ключевые слова: мозолистое тело, ствол мозга, каллозометрия, старческий возраст, молодой возраст. Конфликт интересов. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов.
The problem of demographic aging intensity growth is increasingly raised in the scientific community. Patients belonging to the senile age group have a number of reasons that reduce their quality of life, as well as reduce the effectiveness of treatment and rehabilitation. The most important information node involved in providing functions such as an integrative role in cognition, starting from learning and memory and ending with flexible adaptation is the structure of the intermediate brain – the thalamus. The aim of the study was to conduct a comparative analysis of agerelated morphometric characteristics of human thalamuses in the first period of adulthood and in old age according to magnetic resonance imaging. Material and methods. The results of morphometric study of the thalamuses of 83 people were analyzed, which were divided into two groups based on their age. Group I included 46 people of the first period of Mature age, group II included 37 people of senile age. All patients had a history of diseases and injuries of the Central/peripheral nervous system, alcohol and drug addiction, and were right-handed. The transverse, longitudinal, and vertical parameters of the thalamuses in both hemispheres of the brain were determined. Results. It was found that the parameters of the thalamus prevail in the first period of adulthood in both men and women (p<0.01). At the same time, there was no statistically significant difference between the morphometric parameters of the thalamuses in the hemispheres, but there was a tendency to a predominance of linear dimensions in the left thalamus (p>0.05). We found a tendency to slightly exceed the indicators of the thalamus in men in comparison with the indicators established in women (p>0.05). Conclusion. The results obtained can serve as starting points as the equivalent of the anatomical age norm of the human thalamus in the first period of adulthood and senile age, which in the future will allow for a personalized approach in medical practice.
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