The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of the neoliberal logic on São Paulo’s municipal selective waste collection program. The study analyzed a set of public hearings and events that discussed waste management in São Paulo to understand the discourses, views and actions undertaken by the actors that form the system. Results showed that the neoliberal logic has been present in the agenda of all the municipal administrations since the beginning of the selective collection program in the city, whether they assume center-right or center-left positions. The consequence of this is a tendency to make technocratic choices that, under the arguments of “modernity” and need for “technological solutions”, end up being centralized in technology, socially exclusionary, and inefficient.
A geração e gestão de resíduos sólidos urbanos (RSU) apresenta-se como agenda de discussão para o meio ambiente global. Fatores como a acelerada expansão urbana, a produção intensiva em energia e os estilos de vida consumistas fazem com que a segurança humana esteja ameaçada (GUTBERLET, 2008). Nesse cenário, Solíz (2015) aponta que a quantidade de resíduos é crescente, a composição deles torna-se cada vez mais complexa resultando em uma crise quantitativa e qualitativa dos resíduos.
Resumo É objetivo deste trabalho analisar a influência da lógica neoliberal no programa municipal de coleta seletiva paulistano. O trabalho analisou um conjunto de audiências públicas e eventos relacionados que discutiam a gestão de resíduos em São Paulo, de forma a entender os discursos, as visões e as ações empreendidas pelos atores que compõem esse sistema. O que se percebe é que a lógica neoliberal está presente na agenda programática de todas as gestões municipais paulistanas desde o início do programa de coleta seletiva, sejam elas de centro-direita ou de centro-esquerda. A consequência disso é a tendência a escolhas tecnocráticas que, sob os argumentos de “modernidade” e da necessidade de “soluções tecnológicas”, acabam sendo centralizadoras em tecnologia, excludentes e ineficientes.
Selective collection is one of the ways in which urban solid waste can be valued, through its reinsertion in the production chain. Selective collection services form a complex system, in which different views and interests permeate between different actors. The main aim of the study was to understand and characterize the disputes in the selective collection field in the city of São Paulo through the Theory of Strategic Action Fields. 16 public hearings and 16 events or discussion covering these issues were identified and selected. Data were analyzed through thematic analysis. Results showed São Paulo's selective collection as a field that in the last two decades operated with relative stability, regarding the rules and norms that govern strategic action in the field. Although, results also identified a marked power asymmetry in the field. A more centralized conception of selective collection, led by the influence of private companies, tends to stand out in the field. This vision stands out from the decentralized conception of selective collection advocated by waste pickers. Finally, it identifies the formation of an exogenous movement that competes with selective collection, based on centralized solutions of waste-to-energy through waste incineration and coprocessing. These movements mobilize new lines of strategic action in opposition to it, based on decentralized solutions that involve selective collection and composting.
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