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Endometrial Regenerative Cells (ERC) are a population of mesenchymal-like stem cells having pluripotent differentiation activity and ability to induce neoangiogenesis. In vitro and animal studies suggest ERC are immune privileged and in certain situations actively suppress ongoing immune responses. In this paper we describe the production of clinical grade ERC and initial safety experiences in 4 patients with multiple sclerosis treated intravenously and intrathecally. The case with the longest follow up, of more than one year, revealed no immunological reactions or treatment associated adverse effects. These preliminary data suggest feasibility of clinical ERC administration and support further studies with this novel stem cell type.

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One of the most important and complex diseases of modern society is metabolic syndrome. This syndrome has not been completely understood, and therefore an effective treatment is not available yet. We propose a possible stem cell mechanism involved in the development of metabolic syndrome. This way of thinking lets us consider also other significant pathologies that could have similar etiopathogenic pathways, like lipodystrophic syndromes, progeria, and aging. All these clinical situations could be the consequence of a progressive and persistent stem cell exhaustion syndrome (SCES). The main outcome of this SCES would be an irreversible loss of the effective regenerative mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) pools. In this way, the normal repairing capacities of the organism could become inefficient. Our point of view could open the possibility for a new strategy of treatment in metabolic syndrome, lipodystrophic syndromes, progeria, and even aging: stem cell therapies.

Objectives: Dental diseases in children have been reduced in recent decades in developed countries, although trends remain unclear in other countries. Oral healthcare in Argentina is based on demand and depends on a patient's health insurance coverage. The objective of this study was to determine the oral health situation of the population of six-year-olds in Berisso, Buenos Aires province (Argentina). Study design: A cross-sectional observational study was performed on schoolchildren from public and private schools. The following factors were evaluated: DMFT, DMFS, dft, dfs, significant caries (SiC), filled, decayed and missing teeth, and the prevalence of caries in both primary and permanent teeth. Data was recorded concerning malocclusion, ankylosis, dental fluorosis, DDE index modified, urgent healthcare needs, healthcare system use, orthodontic treatments, filling materials, school type and socioeconomic position. Results: The study was carried out on 804 schoolchildren. The overall prevalence of caries was 70% (temporary dentition 67.9%, permanent dentition 16.3%). The dft index was 4.52 for males and 4.77 for females. For males, dfs index scored 8.78 and for females, it scored 9.27. DMFT index was 0.45 for males and 0.51 for females. DMFS index scored 0.68 for males and 0.80 for females. There were differences between socioeconomic groups (employees and manual workers) in DMFT and DMFS indexes. Of the study population, 54% had never been seen by a dentist prior to the study. For children who had visited a dentist, 71% attended state public services. Conclusions: Oral indices in Berisso were worse than in other Argentinean studies and were far from the World Health Organization global goals. There is an urgent need to strengthen the effectiveness of preventive care.

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