The compounds studied in this work are sol-gel-derived organic-inorganic hybrid materials in which the two components are covalently linked via Si-C bonds. The organic part is a chromophore group derived from dipicolinic acid that is functionalized with trialkoxysilyl groups; the as-obtained silylated monomers are afterward submitted to complexation with rare-earth ions (Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ ) and are used as the siloxane network precursors. The preparation of hybrid materials including covalent grafting and the sol-gel process is described, as well as their luminescence properties. Modifications of the ligand structure (mono-or disubstituted amides) lead to different coordinating properties and to variable absorption edges. As a result, the absorption efficiency or the ability of the chelates to transfer the absorbed energy to Ln 3+ and consequently the quantum yield of the emission are changed. The major effect of silica is a broadening of the emission peaks, whereas spectral repartitions and lifetimes are mainly unchanged as compared with the corresponding organic molecules.

Serum hypercholesterolemia may be an early risk factor for the development of AD amyloid pathology.

Substituting walnuts for part of the mono-unsaturated fat in a cholesterol-lowering Mediterranean diet further reduced total and LDL cholesterol levels in men and women with hypercholesterolemia.

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Objective-Hypercholesterolemia is an early risk factor for Alzheimer's disease. Low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptors may be involved in this disorder. Our objective was to determine the risk of mild cognitive impairment in a population of patients with heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia, a condition involving LDL receptors dysfunction and life long hypercholesterolemia.Methods-Using a cohort study design, patients with (N=47) meeting inclusion criteria and comparison patients without familial hypercholesterolemia (N=70) were consecutively selected from academic specialty and primary care clinics respectively. All patients were older than 50 years. Those with disorders which could impact cognition, including history of stroke or transient ischemic attacks, were excluded from both groups. Thirteen standardized neuropsychological tests were performed in all subjects. Mutational analysis was performed in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and brain imaging was obtained in those with familial hypercholesterolemia and mild cognitive impairment. All authors have full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. None of the authors report any conflicts of interest.None of the authors report any conflicts of interest.Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author ManuscriptAm J Med. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2011 March 1. Results-Patients with familial hypercholesterolemia showed a very high incidence of mild cognitive impairment compared to those without familial hypercholesterolemia (21.3% vs. 2.9%; p = 0.00). This diagnosis was unrelated to structural pathology or white matter disease. There were significant differences between the familial hypercholesterolemia and the no-familial hypercholesterolemia groups in several cognitive measures, all in the direction of worse performance for familial hypercholesterolemia patients, independent of apoE4 or apoE2 status.Conclusions-Because prior studies have shown that older patients with sporadic hypercholesterolemia do not show higher incidence of mild cognitive impairment, the findings presented here suggest that early exposure to elevated cholesterol or LDL receptors dysfunction may be risk factors for mild cognitive impairment.

Plaque prevalence in patients with primary APS is similar to that of controls and inferior to that of SLE patients with secondary APS. SLE patients have a high prevalence of early carotid atherosclerosis that is associated with cumulative disease damage and disease activity.

Despite the use of intensified LLT, many FH patients continue to experience high plasma LDL-C levels and, consequently, do not achieve recommended treatment targets. Type of LDL-receptor mutation, use of ezetimibe, coexistent diabetes, and ASCVD status can bear significantly on the likelihood of attaining LDL-C treatment goals.

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