Problem-based learning (PBL) is an instructional method that offers students the opportunity to develop self-regulatory strategies as an explicit learning outcome. As a multifaceted PBL environment, the guidance of tutors is important to students as they develop self-regulatory learning (SRL) skills and self-efficacy, the most focused motivational element in SRL. The present study examines the relationship between academic achievement and PBL self-efficacy levels, as well as the role played by tutors. A cross-sectional study was conducted with third- year medical students ( n = 257; 75%). The SRL perception (SRLP) scale, the self-efficacy for PBL scale (SPBL), tutor evaluation scale (TES), and an achievement test were used to gather data in this study. In every scale, participant scores were higher than the midpoint, which is 3. There were positive correlations between SRL, self-efficacy, and the tutoring scores of tutors. As the correlation between SRLP and achievement was not significant, achievement was removed from the regression equation, and only SPBL and TES results were used. The results of the regression analysis indicated that SPBL and TES explained 36% of the variance. The level of self-efficacy in PBL predicted the students’ SRL abilities, as did tutor evaluations. The findings show that students used their SRL skills and had beliefs about their ability to learn effectively in the PBL context. Both the tutors’ tutoring skills and the students’ self-efficacy made important contributions to improving the students’ self-regulated learning skills.

Bu araştırmanın amacı, öğretmen adaylarının değerlendirilme tercihlerinin sıralama yargılarına dayalı olarak ölçeklendirilmesi yöntemiyle belirlenmesidir. Çalışmada veri toplama aracı olarak, eğitim fakültesi öğrencilerinin başarılarının değerlendirilmesinde tercih ettikleri ölçme araçlarını belirlemeye yönelik geliştirilen araç kullanılmıştır. Bu araç ile öğretmen adaylarının sekiz tane ölçme aracına ilişkin tercihlerini belirtmeleri istenmiştir. Araştırmaya, 2010-2011 öğretim yılı güz döneminde Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi'nin beş farklı bölümünde öğrenim gören 163 öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre öğretmen adaylarının en çok doğru-yanlış testlerini, en az ise performans görevlerini tercih ettikleri belirlenmiştir. Sonuçlar daha detaylı incelendiğinde ise geleneksel yaklaşımların tamamlayıcı yaklaşımlara göre daha üst sıralarda tercih edildiği bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır.

The concept of continuity in medical education reflects the progressive professional and personal development that physicians need in education. The aim of this study is investigating the views of the residents about the adequacy of undergraduate and postgraduate education in the context of preparing them for the next stage and their perceptions about the transition period. This phenomenological study was conducted at Hacettepe University Medical School. The study group consisted of medical and surgical sciences residents in the first year and last year of postgraduate medical education. Four focus group interviews were held with the participation of 21 residents. The participants emphasised that practising with real patients under supervision by taking an active role in healthcare teams was important for their preparation for the next stage in their carrier. However, their educational experiences during undergraduate medical education differed in community-based education, scientific research training, learning in small groups, internship and guidance of clinical educators. The transition period has been expressed with the concepts of identity change, high responsibilities and expectations required by the new identity, adaptation to the healthcare team, institution, and health system, meeting the expectations in an overly busy work environment, and feelings of incompetence. Participants pointed out that curriculum, which was declared and taught, educational environments, assessment approaches, consultancy systems and practices differed between the clinical departments. In line with the principles of competency-based education, practices related to the development and assessment of the competencies with all professional aspects in postgraduate medical education can be strengthened.

ÖzBu araştırmada puanlayıcılar arası güvenirliğin belirlenmesinde kullanılabilecek dört farklı yaklaşım üzerinde durulmuştur: korelasyon, ortalamaların karşılaştırılması, uyuşma yüzdesi ve genellenebilirlik kuramı. Bu bağlamda 43 öğrencinin on açık uçlu maddeye verdikleri cevapların iki puanlayıcı tarafından puanlanmasıyla oluşturulan veri setine uygulanan yaklaşımlar ile elde edilen güvenirlik değerlerinin, değer aralıkları ve hesaplanma farklılıklarından dolayı farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Çalışma kapsamında ele alınan yaklaşımlar ile elde edilen güvenirlik kestirimlerindeki en yüksek değer 0,90 olarak genellenebilirlik kuramı ile elde edilmiştir. Bu sonucun yanı sıra, hesaplanan basit korelasyonda yüksek düzeyde ve pozitif yönlü (0,74) bir ilişki ortaya çıkmıştır. Puanlayıcılar arası uyuşma yüzdesiyle kestirilen tam uyum % 58,9 olarak belirlenmiştir. Son olarak, maddeler ayrı ayrı incelendiğinde; puanlayıcıların ortalamaları arasında üç maddede anlamlı bir farklılık çıkmakla beraber genel ortalamada anlamlı bir fark çıkmamıştır. Araştırma kapsamında ele alınan yaklaşımlar içerisinde en karmaşık görünen genellenebilirlik kuramı olmasına rağmen, bu yöntemin pek çok hata kaynağını aynı anda ele alabilme özelliği, diğer yöntemlere göre bir avantaj olarak düşünülebilir. Bu sebeple, özellikle puanlayıcı güvenirliğinin belirlenmesinde kullanılması önerilebilir. AbstractIn this study, four approaches to the estimation of interrater reliability are studied: correlation, comparison of means, percentage of agreement, and generalizability theory. For the data-composed of ratings for 43 students on ten items by two raters-the reliability estimates varied because of the situation that the ranges of the obtained values by used approaches and different calculation processes. The highest estimate was 0.90 which is estimated by G theory. Besides this result, it was obtained that there was positive and high correlation coefficient (0.74). The estimate of percentage of exact matches of agreement between the two raters was found as 58.9 %. Finally, although there were no statistically differences between general mean of scores, there were statistical differences among three of the items by means of rater scoring. Although G theory seems more complex than the other methods illustrated in the study, it yields more information than the other methods because of handling multiple sources of error at the same time. Therefore, it is proposed to be used when estimating interrater reliability.

One of the important theories in education and psychology is Generalizability (G) Theory and various properties distinguish it from the other measurement theories. To better understand methodological trends of G theory, a thematic content analysis was conducted. This study analyzes the studies using generalizability theory in the field of education in Turkey by using the method of thematic content analysis. It reviews 60 studies, including 31 articles and 29 theses published from 2004 to 2017. The selected studies underwent thematic content analysis using parameters including tagged information, aim, G Theory type, number of facets used in the study, Turkish word for "facet," object of measurement, sample size, design type, mixed-design availability, shared results of G and D studies, computer programs, method of calculating negative variance, availability of fixed facets, and design balance. The data were interpreted on the basis of frequencies; both table and figures are included in the study. According to the results, there is an increase in the number of studies conducted by using G theory by years. Of these, many compare theories; most of them applying univariate G Theory and consider two-faceted measurement situations. While a small subset of studies features mixed design, a large group features crossed design, with individuals as the object of measurement. The computer program most commonly used in analyses is EduG. The majority of studies use balanced design. Recommendations are provided accordingly with the results.