The nurses' ethical leadership, ethical climate, and job satisfaction levels are moderate, and there is a positive relationship between them. The nurses' perceptions of ethical leadership are influenced by their educational status, workplace, and length of service.

Introduction: Professionalism is characterized by the degree of dedication displayed by individuals regarding the values and behavioral attributes of a specific career identity. Professionalism indicates attitudes that represent high levels of identification with and commitment to a specific profession. In the process of the professional development of nursing, various factors affect these obstacles which may impede the professional development of nurses and their professional behaviors. This study was carried out with the aim of determining the professional behavior of nurses in a hospital in Turkey. Methods: In this descriptive exploratory study a total of 89 nurses working in a public hospital in northwestern of Turkey were participated. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and Behavioral Inventory Form for Professionalism in Nursing (BIPN). Results: The result showed that mean scores on the BIPN were 5.07 (3.47). The areas with the highest levels of professional behavior were competence and continuing education 1.88 (0.34). The professionalism levels for nurses were the lowest in the areas of autonomy 0.06 (0.34), publication 0.10 (0.25), and research 0.25 (0.60). There was a statistically significant difference between the total BIPN scores and the education levels of the nurses and the working of nurses. Conclusion: The professional behavior of nurses is at a low level. Since the arrangement of the nurses’ working conditions affects their professional behaviors; therefore, development in the field of professional behaviors in nursing must be assessed and supported to increase the quality of patient care.

PurposeThis study was conducted to determine the impact of education on the knowledge, opinions and anxiety level of the nurses regarding the use of the ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injection.Subjects and methodsThe research was conducted with a single group using a semi-empirical pre-test, post-test design. The sample consisted of 50 nurses who worked in clinics where intramuscular injection was frequently applied and who participated in training on the use of ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injection. The data were collected by the researchers with the questionnaire form for evaluation of data, in addition to using descriptive statistical methods, paired sample t-test, Kruskal–Wallis and 2-related samples tests.ResultsIt was found that 34.0% of the nurses frequently used the dorsogluteal site for intramuscular injection. It was determined that the difference between pre-training (12.40±6.89) and post-training (21.80±1.95) mean scores of the nurses regarding the ventrogluteal site injection was statistically significant (P<0.00). However, no statistically significant difference (P>0.05) was found between the pre-training (39.22±10.16) and post-training (37.52±8.54) anxiety levels.ConclusionIt can be stated that the majority of the nurses did not prefer the ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injection; the reasons for not preferring this method were a lack of knowledge on determining the site and concern about harming the patients.

Background: Progress in the nursing is only possible with nursing students who graduate with sufficient information and comprehension about their professions. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate nursing students' professional perceptions during 4-year undergraduate nursing program and to determine whether changes occur in this time frame Desing and Methods: This study was designed as a longitudinal cohort survey research. Data were collected over a four -year period. The study sample was constituted of 137 undergraduate nursing students attending two Schools of Health located in the western Turkey. In this study, data were collected using the Information Form which was prepared by the investigators and the Perception of Nursing Profession Scale (PNPS No statistically significant differences were found in perception of nursing profession mean scores during nursing education (p>0.05). Statistically meaningful differences were detected among students' "Professional Qualities" sub scale mean scores (p<0.05). Bonferroni test shows that the difference resulted from the fact that mean scores obtained at the end of Year 2 (Time 3) and Year 4 (Time 5) were higher than those obtained when students started nursing education (Time 1). No statistically significant differences were detected between "Professional Status" sub scale mean scores (p>0.05). Conclusion:The results of this study indicated that freshmen students perceived the nursing profession rather positively and that influence continued throughout their education. It was identified that initial positive perceptions of students progressively increased at the end of 2 nd and 4th years. It was determined that students positively perceived the professional status of nursing and that the significant perceptions continued throughout their education.

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