Amongst different methods of cooling in machining, application of air is considered to be the cleanest and most environmentally friendly one. The aim of this paper was to explore the possibility of chilled air-cooling considering the corrosion resistance when turning martensitic stainless steel X20Cr13. Thus, a comparison between an alternative cooling technique where compressed air is refrigerated and jetted to the cutting zone by means of Ranque-Hilsch counter-flow vortex tube and the conventional flood cooling with oil-in-water emulsion was done. The corrosion resistance was determined by electrochemical testing and the surface condition was analysed with both Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). From the results presented herein, it can be concluded that the specimen cooled with chilled air has better resistance to corrosion activity after a certain longer time in relation to the specimen cooled with emulsion. In addition, the specimen cooled with chilled air has lower surface roughness, which has a positive effect on the corrosion resistance. Hence, in the scope of environmentally friendly machining the vortex tube based chilled air-cooling can be successfully applied when turning difficult-to-cut martensitic stainless steel. Procedia Engineering, Vol. 132, 413-418, doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.12. 513. [5] Boswell, B. (2008. Use of air-cooling and its effectiveness in dry machining processes, PhD thesis, Curtin University, Australia. Vol. 47, No. 3-4, 635-645, doi: 10.1016/ j.ijmachtools.2006 Liu, N.-M., Chiang, K.-T., Hung, C.-M. (2013). Modeling and analyzing the effects of air-cooled turning on the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy using the cold air gun coolant system,
Većina tekućina za obradu metala koje se primjenjuju za hlađenje i podmazivanje pri različitim postupcima obrade metala odvajanjem čestica formulirana je iz mineralnih ulja koja se izdvajaju iz sirove nafte. Zbrinjavanje otpadnih tekućina otvara brojna ekološka pitanja osobito kada se uzme u obzir da se radi o jednom od najsloženijih i najopasnijih vrsta otpada. Razvoj ekološke svijesti uz istovremeno donošenje novih, strožih zakonskih regulativa u svrhu zaštite prirodnih dobara kao i razvoj sustava za upravljanje zdravljem i
sigurnošću osoba na radu sve više usmjeravaju proizvodnu industriju prema razvoju i implementaciji alternativnih tehnika hlađenja i podmazivanja u obradi metala te u konačnici suhoj obradi. Tako se danas već govori o posebno prilagođenoj obradi odnosno proizvodnji koristeći nazive "ekološki prihvatljiva obrada", "održiva proizvodnja", "zelena proizvodnja" i sl. U ovome radu istražuju se mogućnosti i prednosti primjene alternativnih tehnika hlađenja i podmazivanja, a posebno hlađenje vrtložnom cijevi. Također, evaluacija obrade obuhvaćena je eksperimentalnom studijom u svrhu razumijevanja vjerojatnih utjecaja korištenja hlađenja vrtložnom cijevi na troškove proizvodnje. Studija slučaja odnosi se na obradu martenzitnog nehrđajućeg čelika. Pokazano je
da troškovi alata predstavljaju glavni doprinos ukupnom trošku proizvodnje i da u usporedbi s emulzijom za obradu metala hlađenje vrtložnom cijevi nudi ekonomično rješenje na putu prema održivoj obradi.
The development of ecological awareness followed by stringent laws on the protection of natural resources and workers direct the manufacturing industry at the development and implementation of alternative methods for cooling and/or lubrication in the machining of metals. The paper investigates the feasibility of using a vortex tube for cooling when turning martensitic stainless steel. Experimental research was conducted to understand the effects of vortex tube cooling on the corrosion resistance of the machined surface and on production costs. It has been determined that the vortex tube cooling has no significant influence on the corrosion resistance and that the tool costs have the most significant influence on the unit production cost. In conclusion, compared to the conventional emulsion cooling in metal cutting, the vortex tube cooling offers a cost-effective solution to the sustainable turning of martensitic stainless steel.
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