Amongst different methods of cooling in machining, application of air is considered to be the cleanest and most environmentally friendly one. The aim of this paper was to explore the possibility of chilled air-cooling considering the corrosion resistance when turning martensitic stainless steel X20Cr13. Thus, a comparison between an alternative cooling technique where compressed air is refrigerated and jetted to the cutting zone by means of Ranque-Hilsch counter-flow vortex tube and the conventional flood cooling with oil-in-water emulsion was done. The corrosion resistance was determined by electrochemical testing and the surface condition was analysed with both Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). From the results presented herein, it can be concluded that the specimen cooled with chilled air has better resistance to corrosion activity after a certain longer time in relation to the specimen cooled with emulsion. In addition, the specimen cooled with chilled air has lower surface roughness, which has a positive effect on the corrosion resistance. Hence, in the scope of environmentally friendly machining the vortex tube based chilled air-cooling can be successfully applied when turning difficult-to-cut martensitic stainless steel. Procedia Engineering, Vol. 132, 413-418, doi: 10.1016/j.proeng.2015.12. 513. [5] Boswell, B. (2008. Use of air-cooling and its effectiveness in dry machining processes, PhD thesis, Curtin University, Australia. Vol. 47, No. 3-4, 635-645, doi: 10.1016/ j.ijmachtools.2006 Liu, N.-M., Chiang, K.-T., Hung, C.-M. (2013). Modeling and analyzing the effects of air-cooled turning on the machinability of Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy using the cold air gun coolant system,
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