The cause of Cytoplasmic Genetic Male Sterility (CGMS) is specific nuclear and mitochondrial interactions. Almost all commercial sorghum hybrids were developed using the A1 cytoplasmic genetic male sterility system. Understanding the inheritance of fertility restoration in sorghum for A1 cytoplasm, for example, can improve the selection efficiency of restorer lines for increased seed production. In a cross of male sterile line 296A with A1 cytoplasm and restorer lines comprised of a set of Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs), the inheritance pattern of fertility restoration of sorghum was studied. The F1 hybrid was completely fertile, revealing the dominant nature of fertility restoration, which is controlled by one or two major genes with modifiers. In this study, the genetics of fertility restoration of the A1 cytoplasmic nuclear male sterility system (CGMS) in sorghum were investigated in segregating F2 and BC1 populations of A1 cytoplasm crosses. Fertility restoration was governed by a monogenic inheritance (3F:1S) mechanism represented by a single dominant gene responsible for fertility restoration in all of the crosses studied.
Fifty-seven lines of okra including ten parents, forty-five hybrids and two standard checks were evaluated in Randomized Block Design with two replications. Combining ability was carried out to study comparisons of lines in combinations for the traits days to 50% flowering, plant height at harvest, the number of branches per plant, the number of nodes per plant, days to first picking, the number of fruits per plant, the mean length of fruit, the mean weight of fruit, yield per plant , yield per plot , yield per hectare and reaction to yellow vein mosaic disease. The result revealed that the variance to general combining ability (gca) is less than specific combining ability (sca), ratio of that is less than unity indicated preponderance of non additive gene action for all the traits. The parent Akola Bahar was good general combiner, whereas, cross combination Shagun x VNR (Super Green) recorded a significant specific combining ability (sca) effects as far as yield is concerned.
The cause of Cytoplasmic Genetic Male Sterility (CGMS) is specific nuclear and mitochondrial interactions. Almost all commercial sorghum hybrids were developed using the A1 cytoplasmic genetic male sterility system. Understanding the inheritance of fertility restoration in sorghum for A1 cytoplasm, for example, can improve the selection efficiency of restorer lines for increased seed production. In a cross of male sterile line 296A with A1 cytoplasm and restorer lines comprised of a set of Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs), the inheritance pattern of fertility restoration of sorghum was studied. The F1 hybrid was completely fertile, revealing the dominant nature of fertility restoration, which is controlled by one or two major genes with modifiers. In this study, the genetics of fertility restoration of the A1 cytoplasmic nuclear male sterility system (CGMS) in sorghum were investigated in segregating F2 and BC1 populations of A1 cytoplasm crosses. Fertility restoration was governed by a monogenic inheritance (3F:1S) mechanism represented by a single dominant gene responsible for fertility restoration in all of the crosses studied.
The development of iso-nuclear male sterile (A) and maintainer (B) line along with male fertile (R) lines, referred to as fertility restorers, helped in cost-effective seed production and deployment of hybrids. The pollen viability/fertility for maintenance (B-line) and restoration (R-line) remains a significant phenotyping hurdle in developing new lines. We carried out the present investigation to evaluate the pollen fertility status of Cytoplasmic Genetic Male Sterility (CGMS) based hybrids in sorghum. The experimental material consisted of 238 CGMS based hybrids developed from the crossing of individuals of (296B & IS 188551) - based Recombinant Inbred Line (RIL) population (F7:F8) with male-sterile line (296A). The experiment was conducted in the rainy and post-rainy seasons during 2016 to evaluate pollen fertility. The authors illustrated the pollen fertility status by counting pollen counts using two methods: viz., visual counting by the naked eye, and image analysis using ImageJ (NIH, USA) software. We compared results between counts recorded visually and ImageJ reads for randomly selected 50 individuals each during the rainy and post- rainy seasons. The pollen counts from ImageJ were 95% efficient in detecting sterile vs. fertile counts. These results provide a better, efficient, and quick tool for characterizing the pollen behavior and also add value to the genetics studies by accounting for the quantitative variation encoded by multiple loci.
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