Background. Longitudinal studies allow us to identify, which specific maths skills are weak in young children, and whether there is a continuing weakness in these areas throughout their school years.
This study identified the cognitive processes that underlie the individual differences in early mathematical performance in elementary school children. Taking into account the Baddeley framework multicomponent model, the inhibitory processes, working memory, phonological awareness, and naming speed are considered to be related to early math learning. To examine this relationship, we compared the performance of a total of 424 typically developing middle-class children, aged between 4 and 7 years in a battery of cognitive and early numeric tests: The Utrecht Early Numeracy Test, the Rapid Automatized Naming Test, Spanish version of the Stroop task, the Numeracy Interference Test, Digit Span test, and Phonological Knowledge Test. The mean age of the participants was 72.21 months (sd = 14.8), and 48.6% were male and 51.4% were female. The results demonstrated that children performing worst on central executive, phonological processing, and inhibitory processes showed lower results in early mathematical tasks measured by The Utrecht Early Numeracy Test. Results supported the notion that the executive system is an important predictor of children's mathematical performance.
El Test de Evaluación Matemática Temprana está orientado a medir el nivel de competencia matemática temprana. Se ha desarrollado para de educación infantil y 1º y 2º de primaria. Dispone de tres versiones paralelas, de 40 ítems cada una. Consta de 8 tareas, divididas en grupos de 5: Comparación, clasificación, correspondencia, seriación, conteo verbal, conteo estructurado, conteo resultante y conocimiento general de los números. Tiene una puntuación máxima de 40 puntos (uno por cada ítem correcto). El objetivo fundamental de este estudio consistió en adaptar el test a la población española con todas las garantías de validez y fiabilidad, que permita tener un instrumento para detectar posibles problemas en el aprendizaje de las matemáticas en los inicios de la escolaridad. El TEMT se ha baremado con una muestra de 1.053 niños/as pertenecientes a 14 colegios. 539 eran varones y 514 mujeres. Nos da un índice cuantitativo del nivel de competencia matemática temprana, posee un buen valor predictivo sobre el rendimiento matemático y los valores de validez y fiabilidad obtenidos cumplen con los criterios estándar.Palabras clave: Matemática temprana, cognición, evaluación, educación infantil, educación primaria, sentido numérico.
Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have an increasing influence on the way we interact, learn, and live. The increase in teaching and learning methodologies that are mediated by ICT in the field of education and in the domestic settings encourages the design of new effective technological tools, supported by scientific research and development to improve student learning. The challenge psychology is facing in the education field is to promote those technologies and make them available to the education community. Technologies also would produce attractive items for users and realistic commercial issues for businesses. This also allows an effective transfer for scientific work, providing visibility to Research and Development. In this context, the main aim of the article is to describe the process to get an agreement between Babyradio (a children’s entertainment company: https://babyradio.es/) and our research team, starting a collaborative work between two groups of people (Babyradio’s technical designer and Psychologist-Engineers software designer), in order to create several educative applications (APPs) in the field of early mathematics cognition. The institutional framework of the relationship of the R&D project and a children’s entertainment company is described. The article also focuses on experience in Psychology, Technological Innovation, and Entrepreneurship. In considering the efficiency of the agreement, we present different APPs designed for tablets and smartphone devices, adapted to the different operating systems (IOS, Android, Windows). APPs are designed to instill the cognitive fundamentals associated with early math learning for students aged 4 to 7 years. The study developed after this babyradio-university enterprise agreement contributes to the development of mathematics skills in children, aged 4–7 years, so that they can successfully meet the mathematics school requirements; it also contributes to encouraging a more positive attitude toward mathematics. This study also suggests how the education system and software and educational content developers’ companies would manage verified instructional APPs, with a more realistic commercial perspective.
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