This study describes the main Brazilian environmental policy instruments, discussing the main points that facilitate or hamper their effectiveness. For this, we carried search out a qualitative exploratory. The main flaw of the effectiveness of these instruments of environmental policy in Brazil is the lack of a clear understanding of the environmental policy, of its benefits and results in differents levels of environmental management. For the effectiveness of environmental legislation, through the use of instruments of the National Environmental Policy, is needed more than just a process of standardization of command and control. Other public policies are essential, as awareness of educational policies with investments in aspects related to sustainability, to changing consumer habits and lifestyle.

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Mining contributes to the life quality of contemporary society, but can generate significant impacts, these being mitigated due to environmental controls adopted. This study aimed to characterize soil physical properties in high-altitude areas affected by bauxite mining, and to edaphic factors responses to restoration techniques used to recover mined areas in Poços de Caldas plateau, MG, Brazil. The experiment used 3 randomized block design involving within 2 treatments (before mining intervention and after environmental recovery), and 4 replicates (N=24). In each treatment, soil samples with deformed structures were determined: granulometry, water-dispersible clay content, flocculation index, particle density, stoniness level, water aggregate stability, and organic matter contend. Soil samples with preserved structures were used to determine soil density and the total volume of pores, macropores, and micropores. Homogenization of stoniness between soil layers as a result of soil mobilization was observed after the mined area recovery. Stoniness decreased in 0.10-0.20 m layer after recovery, but was similar in the 0-0.10 m layer in before and after samples. The recovery techniques restored organic matter levels to pre-mining levels. However, changes in soil, including an increase in soil flocculation degree and a decrease in water-dispersible clays, were still apparent post-recovery. Furthermore, mining operations caused structural changes to the superficial layer of soil, as demonstrated by an increase in soil density and a decrease in total porosity and macroporosity. Decreases in the water stability of aggregates were observed after mining operations.Index terms: Environmental recovery, physical soil quality, soil recovery. RESUMOA mineração contribui para a qualidade de vida da sociedade contemporânea, porém pode gerar impactos significativos, sendo esses mitigados em função dos controles ambientais adotados. Neste trabalho objetivou-se caracterizar as propriedades físicas do solo, mediante a influência de empreendimentos minerários, avaliando as respostas dos atributos edáficos frente às técnicas utilizadas para a recuperação de áreas degradadas pela mineração de bauxita na região do planalto de Poços de Caldas, MG. O delineamento experimental foi concebido com 3 blocos casualizados, com 2 tratamentos (antes da intervenção minerária e depois da recuperação ambiental), e 4 repetições (N=24). Em cada situação, por meio das amostras com estruturas deformadas foram determinados: granulometria, argila dispersa em água, índice de floculação, densidade de partículas, índice de pedregosidade, estabilidade de agregados em água e teor total de matéria orgânica, por meio das amostras com estrutura preservada foram determinadas: densidade do solo, volume total de poros, macroporos e microporos. Após a recuperação da área minerada, ocorreu homogeneização da pedregosidade entre as camadas, decorrente do revolvimento e, consequentemente, da sua redução na camada de 0,10 a 0,20 m; os processos de recuperação da áre...

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