Advances in Brazil Nut Tree Ecophysiology: Linking Abiotic Factors to Tree Growth and Fruit Production

Costa, Karen Cristina Pires da; Gonçalves, José Francisco de Carvalho; Gonçalves, Alexandre Leão; Junior, Adamir da Rocha Nina; Jaquetti, Roberto Kirmayr; Souza, Vinícius Fernandes de; Carvalho, Josiane Celerino de; Fernandes, Andréia Varmes; Rodrigues, Joelma Keith; Nascimento, Gleisson de Oliveira; Wadt, L. H. de O.; Kainer, Karen A.; Lima, R. M. B. de; Schimpl, Flávia Camila; Souza, Jéssica Pereira de; Oliveira, Sabrina Silva de; Miléo, Hellen Thaís da Silva; Souza, Diogo de; Silva, Ana Cláudia Lopes da; Nascimento, Heloisa Massaco Ito; Maia, Jair Max Furtunato; Lobo, Francisco de Almeida; Mazzafera, Paulo; Ramos, Márcio V.; Koolen, Héctor H. F.; Morais, R. R. de; Martins, Karina; Filho, Niwton Leal; Nascimento, Henrique E. M.; Gonçalves, Katharine Duarte; Kramer, Yasmin Verçosa; Martins, Giordane; Rodrigues, Marcelo O.

doi:10.1007/s40725-022-00158-x

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…These results suggest that P fertilization is a beneficial silvicultural practice for increasing growth rates in B. excelsa plantations, and corroborate with previous studies suggesting that P availability in the soil is a limiting factor for Amazon rainforest productivity [ 7 , 8 , 27 ]. Additionally, leaf P content was positively associated with fruit production by B. excelsa trees [ 13 , 26 ]. The P content of B. excelsa leaves without phosphate fertilization (0.42 g kg −1 ) found in this study is in accordance with what has been shown for B. excelsa plants.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Understanding the effects of low P availability and its supplementation in Amazon soils and in native tree species with potential for forest plantations, such as B. excelsa , is essential for silvicultural applications. These new possibilities, not yet confirmed by conventional plantations, offer an opportunity to improve silviculture in the Amazon [ 11 , 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 17 , 18 ]. It is noteworthy that the growth performance of B. excelsa can be considered superior when compared to other native or even exotic tree species cultivated under harsh soil conditions [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies have shown that B. excelsa exhibits high functional plasticity in response to drought stress and irradiance [ 12 , 14 , 15 ]. This functional trait makes it capable of exhibiting high physiological performance under controlled conditions (greenhouse), in native forests, or in different planting sites [ 12 , 13 , 16 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. However, the interactions related to the physical, chemical, and biological factors of the site cultivation and silvicultural practices are not fully understood for B. excelsa plantations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This species is responsible for important environmental services and it is also the most widely used in extractive activities of non-timber forest products in the Amazon region or as a planted species in agroforestry systems due to the generation of income and food security [ 24 , 25 ]. Therefore, by displaying a powerful social appeal and with the high physiological plasticity of the B. excelsa , the improvement of the functional performance of this species is highly desirable for establishing productive tree plantations in the Amazon [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of Phosphate Fertilization on Physiological Responses of the Young Bertholletia excelsa Plants Grown in a P-Deficient Amazon Ferralsol

Corrêa¹,

Gonçalves

Costa

et al. 2022

Plants

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Phosphorus (P) reacts with soil minerals, which makes it less available to plants. Considering that Amazonian soils have a low pH and nutrient availability, both of these properties contribute to an increase in P limitation. Here, we investigate how the addition of P to the substrate affects morpho-physiological traits of Brazil nut trees (Bertholletia excelsa Bonpl.). The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse with 24-month-old saplings, and the P treatments consisted of a control (Ferrasol without P addition) and 100, 200, 400, and 500 mg P kg−1 of added to the soil. When B. excelsa saplings were fertilized with phosphate, the N:P leaf ratio reduced from 50 to 26. Addition of P favored the photochemical efficiency of PSII (FV/FM), and the application of 200 mg kg−1 increased photosynthesis (PN) by 50%. Furthermore, phosphorus enhanced light and nutrient use efficiency. An increase in B. excelsa dry biomass was observed when 200 mg P kg−1 was added, with maximum yield occurring at 306.2 mg P kg−1. Physiological parameters suggest robust responses by B. excelsa to P fertilization. In addition, our findings reveal the critical role of P on B. excelsa growth in Ferralsol, as well as the potential of P fertilization to improve functional traits of this important Amazonian tree.

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