Pomegranate is an important source of several bioactive compounds with beneficial properties. As widely described in the literature, pomegranate can be considered as a functional food able to promote the maintenance of a good health status. The present review article summarizes the properties of pomegranate, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, prebiotic and anticancer effects, as well as its protective role against metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases. Pomegranate and its phytocompounds can prevent the development of several chronic diseases. Additionally, pomegranate can be considered an adjunct for current therapeutic strategies able to improve the standard treatment efficacy and reduce side-effects. However, further studies are required in order to better clarify the mechanisms of action and the synergistic effects of the phytochemicals contained in pomegranate. According to the current data, pomegranate may be a promising avenue against the most common chronic diseases, including cancer. refer to the consumable portion of the pomegranate tree (2).Historically, the pomegranate tree dates back to the early bronze age (3500-2000 B.C.) with fossil findings (seeds, leaves and branches) mainly discovered in Central Asia, the Mediterranean area and the Middle East (3). Currently, it is planted in North and South America, the Middle East and Caucasus region, South and Central Asia, North and tropical Africa, as well as in the Mediterranean area, including Sicily (4).Of note, the pomegranate was considered a symbol of life, symbolizing prosperity and fertility in a number of ancient cultures and religions. For example, the Egyptians considered pomegranate as a symbol of life after death, while in the Bible's Old Testament, it symbolized good luck, abundance and fertility (1,5).However, pomegranate has been known also for its medical use. Indeed, as described in the literature, pomegranate and its derivatives (fruit, juice, pericarp, seeds and leaves) have a number of therapeutic and pharmacological properties (6), including prebiotic effects (7).These properties are due to the presence of numerous phytochemicals. Among the known phytocompounds, ellagitannins, gallotannins, anthocyanins, anthocyanidins, flavonoids, flavonones, flavonols, organic acids, fatty acids and lipids, phenolic acids, alkaloids and lignans have been isolated from pomegranate (8,9).Over the past few years, the attention of the scientific community on the beneficial effects of pomegranate and its

The Orthodontic Tooth Movement (OTM) is allowed through a mediated cell/tissue mechanism performed by applying a force or a pair of forces on the dental elements, and the tooth movement is a fundamental requirement during any orthodontic treatment. In this regard, it has been widely shown that each orthodontic treatment has a minimum duration required concerning numerous factors (age, patient compliance, type of technique used, etc.). In this regard, the aim of the following revision of the literature is to give readers a global vision of principal microRNAs (miRNAs) that are most frequently associated with OTM and their possible roles. Previously published studies of the last 15 years have been considered in the PubMed search using “OTM” and “miRNA” keywords for the present review article. In vitro and in vivo studies and clinical trials were mainly explored. Correlation between OTM and modulation of several miRNAs acting through post-transcriptional regulation on target genes was observed in the majority of previous studied. The expression analysis of miRNAs in biological samples, such as gingival crevicular fluid (GCF), can be considered a useful tool for novel diagnostic and/or prognostic approaches and for new personalized orthodontic treatments able to achieve a better clinical response rate. Although only a few studies have been published, the data obtained until now encourage further investigation of the role of miRNA modulation during orthodontic treatment. The aim of this study is to update the insights into the role and impact of principal micro-RNAs (miRNAs) that are most frequently associated during OTM.