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A 7-year-old stallion with progressive left testicular enlargement was presented. Grossly, the excised testicle measured 25 × 15 × 12 cm and weighed 3.7 kg. It was multinodular with a gray-white surface; however, the right testis was normal. Histologically, the neoplastic cells were disseminated diffusely in the tumoral stroma with a minimal fibrovascular stroma. Neoplastic cells were round to polygonal with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and large round to oval vesicular or hyperchromatic nucleous with a single prominent nucleolus. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic cells were positive nuclear immunostaining for C-KIT and negative for OCT3/4. According to gross, histopathological, and immunohistochemical characteristics, the diffuse type of seminoma was diagnosed. Nine months later, the follow-up observation of the case showed that the tumor had no recurrence and metastasis.

While noncovalent interactions at two-dimensional nanobiointerfaces are extensively investigated, less knowledge about covalent interactions at this interface is available. In this work, boronic acid-functionalized 2D MoS2 was synthesized and its covalent multivalent interactions with bacteria and nematodes were investigated. Polymerization of glycidol by freshly exfoliated MoS2 and condensation of 2,5-thiophenediylbisboronic acid on the produced platform resulted in boronic acid-functionalized 2D MoS2. The destructive interactions between 2D MoS2 and bacteria as well as nematodes were significantly amplified by boronic acid functional groups. Because of the high antibacterial and antinematodal activities of boronic acid-functionalized 2D MoS2, its therapeutic efficacy for diabetic wound healing was investigated. The infected diabetic wounds were completely healed 10 days after treatment with boronic acid-functionalized 2D MoS2, and a normal structure for recovered tissues including different layers of skin, collagen, and blood vessels was detected.

Histomoniasis is a disease caused by a protozoan parasite belonging to the trichomonas group which is prevalent all over the world. Nine Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) with history of depression, anorexia, ruffled feathers, lethargy and watery yellowish diarrhoea were referred to the clinic. The client claimed that 12 quails with similar signs died during the last 8 days and the other remaining quails were at risk. Postmortem examination revealed caseous exudate in the coelomic cavity, swollen liver with yellowish white nodules and distended caecum with multifocal, slightly elevated, yellow lesions in the wall. Microscopically, diffuse necrotising hepatitis and severe typhlitis associated with numerous intralesional Histomonas trophozoites, infiltrated inflammatory cells were observed. Degenerated trophozoites were also identified in the necrotic areas. These gross and microscopical features are characteristic of histomoniasis.

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