The purpose of this study was to determine the physical characteristics of complete silage made from forage sorghum, king grass and natural grass. This research was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Timor University, Kefamenanu-East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) for 3 months, including preparation, adaptation, and data collection. The study used a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 4 replications. Each treatment included TI: sorghum 45% + lamtoro 20% + corn flour 25% + bran pollard 10%; T2: 45% natural grass + 20% lamtoro + 25% corn flour + 10% bran pollard and T3: king grass 45% + lamtoro 20% + corn flour 25% + bran pollard 10%. The parameters measured were the physical characteristics of complete silage in the form of color, texture, aroma, and the presence of fungus using panelists and the degree of acidity measured by a pH meter. Data were analyzed based on analysis of variance procedures.The results showed that the use of different forage sources as a base material in making complete silage had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the silage color and the presence of fungus but it did not affect the texture, aroma and acidity. It was concluded that the use of sorghum in making complete silage displayed the best physical characteristics characterized by natural green/yellowish green, dense textured, acidic (still fresh), pH 4.3 and the absence of fungus.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penggunaan aditif berbeda terhadap kualitas fisik dan kimia silase komplit berbahan dasar sorgum. Metode yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 4 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan, yang terdiri dari:  R0 (Sorgum + Lamtoro (Tanpa bahan aditif/kontrol)), R1 (Sorgum + Lamtoro + Dedak 20% + Gula batu 10%), R2 (Sorgum + Lamtoro + Tepung Jagung 20% + Gula batu 10%) dan R3 (Sorgum + Lamtoro + Pollard 20% + Gula batu 10%). Persentase bahan aditif dihitung berdasarkan berat cacahan sorgum dan lamtoro. Tanaman sorgum dipanen pada umur 70 hari setelah tanam dan dilayukan selama 3 jam dan dicacah berukuran 3 cm. Hasil cacahan tersebut dicampur dengan bahan aditif sesuai perlakuan dan persentasenya dan dimasukkan ke dalam toples plastik (silo) berkapasitas 3 liter, campuran yang dimasukkan ke dalam silo ditekan agar lapisan cacahan menjadi padat (prinsip anaerob). Ensilase dibiarkan selama  21 hari. Kualitas fisik (pengamatan)  yang dilihat adalah tekstur, warna, aroma, pH dan persentase jamur, kandungan nutrisi silase komplit diukur secara proksimat. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa adanya pengaruh (P<0,05) penggunaan aditif terhadap aroma dan persentase jamur silase komplit berbahan dasar sorgum sedangkan warna, pH dan tekstur tidak dipengaruhi oleh penggunaan aditif. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan aditif mampu meningkatkan kualitas fisik dan kimia silase komplit berbahan dasar sorgum. Masing-masing jenis aditif memberikan pengaruh yang berbeda terhadap peningkatan kualitas silase komplit. Kualitas fisik dan kimia terbaik ditunjukkan oleh penggunaan pollard 20% dan gula batu 10%.

Aim: This research aimed to know the effect of the use of complete feed on Bali cattle fattening performance seen from the carcass characteristics. Materials and Methods: The cattle employed in this research were 12 male Bali cattle aged between 2 and 2.5 years old based on the teeth estimation. The average initial body weight of the cattle during the research was 181.50±16.51 kg. The complete feed contained Gliricidia sepium, natural grass, ground corn, bran pollard, and rice bran which have been compiled into three types of ration of T1, T2, and T3. The T1 ration contained standard crude protein (CP) and high energy (11% CP; 72% total digestible nutrient [TDN]), and T2 contained medium protein and high energy (13% CP; 72% TDN), while T3 ration contained high protein and high energy (%15 CP; 72% TDN). Results: The meat percentage of T2 and T3 was relatively the same, but higher than T1 (p<0.05). The bone percentage and meat: A bone ratio of T2 was higher than T1; in contrast, and T3 was relatively the same with T2 and T1 (p<0.05). The weight of slaughter, carcass percentage, and weight of meat, bone, and fat were relatively the same among the treatments. Conclusion: The application of complete feed with protein source from G. sepium with CP and TDN of 13 and 72%, respectively, can improve carcass percentage and meat: A bone ratio of male Bali cattle fattening. The treatments have not had a positive effect on slaughter weight (kg), hot and cool carcass weight (kg), meat and fat weight (kg), fat percentage, and non-carcass (kg).

Aim: The aim of the study was to determine the carcass and meat characteristics of male Kacang goat fattened by complete silage made from natural grass, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench and Pennisetum purpuphoides. Materials and Methods: This study examined 12 young male Kacang goats aged 10-12 months with an initial body weight of 10-12 kg. The livestock was divided into three groups randomly to receive feed treatments. The three treatments of this study included T1: Complete silage made from natural grass; T2: Complete silage made from S. bicolor (L.) Moench, and T3: Complete silage made from P. purpuphoides. Data were analyzed according to the analysis of variance procedure. Results: The carcass percentage of livestock T2 and T3 treatment was relatively similar but higher (p<0.05) than the T1 group. The non-carcass percentage of T2 and T3 was relatively the same but lower than T1. The water content of T1 treatment was higher (p<0.05) than T3, but relatively the same as T2 treatment. The collagen content of T2 and T3 was relatively the same but lower (p<0.05) than T1; likewise, the cholesterol of T2 and T3 treatments was relatively similar but higher than T1 treatment. The variables of slaughter and carcass weight, and non-carcass weight, meat protein content, acidity, cooking losses, water holding capacity, and tenderness were not significantly different between groups of animals. Conclusion: The use of S. bicolor (L.) Moench and P. purpuphoides as a basic forage in making complete silage has been shown to increase carcass percentage, the content (%) of fat, collagen, and cholesterol. Otherwise, the treatments have no effect on the content of pH, tenderness (kg/cm2), cooking loss (%), and water holding capacity (%) of male Kacang goat fattened. Therefore, S. bicolor (L.) Moench and P. purpuphoides plants have great potential to be developed by farmers/ ranchers as feed for goats.

Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan Kelompok tani Nek’Mese Desa Usapinonot, Kecamatan Insana Barat, Kabupaten Timor Tengah Utara tentang teknologi silase komplit. Metode yang digunakan adalah FGD (focus disscussion group) dan praktek secara langsung tentang pembuatan silase komplit. Sebelum dan sesudah kegiatan pelatihan, anggota kelompok diberikan beberapa pertanyaan terkait silase komplit lewat kuesioner. Kegiatan berlangsung selama ± 45 hari dimulai dari persiapan alat dan bahan sampai pada penilaian kualitas (fisik dan kimia) serta penilaian tingkat palatabilitas ternak sapi potong terhadap silase komplit yang dibuat. Bahan pembuatan silase adalah gamal (40%), lamtoro (30%), dedak padi (15%), tepung jagung (10%) dan gula (5%). Silase komplit yang didapat diuji kualitas fisik berupa warna, tekstur, aroma dan pH, kualitas fisik dilakukan dengan analisis proksimat dan palatabilitas ternak dilihat dengan memberikan beberapa pilihan pakan pada sapi penggemukan. Hasil yang didapat adalah warna silase hijau kekuningan, wangi asam laktat, bertekstur padat pH 3,50. Sedangkan kandungan silase komplit, BK (92%), BO (82,2%), PK (10,8%), LK (7,28%), BETN (49,12%) serta EM (2713,87 Kkal/kg) serta memiliki nilai palatabilitas yang tergolong tinggi. Tingkat pengetahuan dan pemahaman anggota kelompok tani meningkat 98%. Tingkat capaian dari kegiatan pengabdian ini adalah 100%.

Upaya meningkatkan produktivitas ternak babi bisa melalui aspek pakan, karena pakan ternak babi merupakan salah satu faktor penting dalam usaha ternak babi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian tepung biji gamal (Gliricidia sepium) sebagai pengganti bungkil kedelai dalam ransum terhadap kadar hemoglobin (Hb) dan hematokrit anak babi lepas sapih. Penelitian ini menggunakan dua belas ekor babi jantan peranakan VDL. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rancangan acak lengkap terdiri dari 3 perlakuan dan 4 ulangan. Ketiga perlakuan ransum yang dicobakan adalah: R0: Ransum tanpa campuran tepung biji gamal; R1: Ransum dengan tingkat pergantian tepung biji gamal terhadap bungkil kedelai sebesar 2,5 %.; dan R2: Ransum dengan tingkat pergantian tepung biji gamal terhadap bungkil kedelai sebesar 5 %.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan tepung biji gamal (Glicidia sepium) dalam pakan babi lepas sapih sebagai pengganti bungkil kedelai sampai dengan 2,5 % masih dapat ditolerir oleh anak babi, dengan kadar Hb dan nilai Hematokrit masih dalam kisaran normal, walaupun pada ternak babi tersebut menampakkan penampilan yang tidak baik. Lama perlakuan sangrai 15 menit diduga masih menunjukkan adanya aktivitas anti nutrisi pada ransum yang ditambahkan 2,5 % dan 5 % tepung biji gamal. ©2016 dipublikasikan oleh JAS.

The aimed of this study was to determine the characteristics of the silage of Chromolaena odorata which were added with different types of dissolved carbohydrates. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The treatments consisted of R0: Chromolaena odorata (70%) + Leucaena leucocephala (30%) (control), R1: Chromolaena odorata (70%) + Leucaena leucocephala (20%) + Rice Bran (10%), R2: Chromolaena odorata (70%) + Leucaena leucocephala (20%) + Cassava Flour (10%), R3: Leucaena leucocephala (70%) + Leucaena leucocephala (20%) + Corn flour (10%), Percentage of rice bran, corn flour and cassava flour calculated based on the chopped weight of Chromolaena odorata and Leucaena leucocephala leaves in wilted conditions. The variables studied were physical (organoleptic) and chemical (proximate) characteristics of Chromolaena odorata silage. The results showed that the addition of dissolved carbohydrates significantly affected the physical and chemical characteristics of silage. It was concluded that the addition of cassava flour had a significantly higher effect and significantly higher in producing the best physical characteristics of Chromolaena odorata silage. While the chemical characteristics, the addition of rice bran as a dissolved carbohydrate was significantly higher than that of cassava flour and corn flour.

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui Perubahan ukuran linear tubuh kambing kacang jantan yang diberikan silase komplit berbahan dasar hijauan sorgum, rumput raja dan rumput alam. Variabel yang diteliti adalah panjang badan, lingkar dada, dan tinggi pundak. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan perlakuan yang diberikan adalah TI : Sorgum 45% + Lamtoro 20% + Jagung 25% + pollard 10%, T2 : Rumput Alam 45% + Lamtoro 20% + Jagung 25% + pollard 10%, T3 : Rumput Raja 45% + Lamtoro 20% + Jagung 25% + pollard 10%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tinggi pundak, panjang badan dan lingkar dada pada ternak kambing kacang jantan untuk ke tiga perlakuan penggunaan pakan silase berbasis rumput alam (T1), rumput raja (T3) dan hijauan sorgum (T2) menunjukkan hasil yang relative sama dan berpengaruh tidak nyata. Disimpulkan bahwa penggunaan hijauan yang berbeda (rumput alam, hijauan sorgum, dan rumput raja) sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan silase komplit relatif sama dalam meningkatkan pertumbuhan linear tubuh kambing kacang namun penggunaan hijauan sorgum (T2) dalam pembuatan silase komplit menghasilkan panjang badan, lingkar dada, dan tinggi pundak lebih tinggi diantara perlakuan (T1 dan T3).