Seven outbreaks of polioencephalomalacia in goats and 3 in sheep are reported from the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil. Animals of different ages were affected in various seasons of the year. In 5 outbreaks the animals were supplemented with concentrate ration and in 5 others they were only grazing on pastures. In one outbreak sheep were supplemented with an energy-protein-mineral mixture containing 1.3% of sulfur flower. Clinical signs were characterized by blindness, depression, head pressing, circling, grinding of the teeth, incoordination, spastic paralysis, ataxia, depression of the palpebral and pupillary reflexes, lateral strabismus, nystagmus, and dilated pupils. Nine affected animals were treated with thiamine and dexamethasone; 7 of them recovered but 2 died. The diagnosis of the disease was based on the recovered animals after treatment and/or on the histologic lesions. The clinical course varied from 2 to 15 days. On three animals post-mortem examination was made. One had herniation of the cerebellum through the Foramen magnum and softening of the cerebral cortex. The cut surface of the cerebral cortex showed cavitation and yellowish discoloration. Another animal had only cerebellar herniation. In a third animal no gross lesions were observed. Histological changes in the 3 animals were laminar necrosis of the cerebral cortex, and in 2 malacia of the thalamus and the rostral colliculi was also observed. In 9 outbreaks the cause of the disease was not determined, but one was probably due to sulfur toxicosis caused by the high sulfur content of the energy-protein-mineral mixture containing 1.3% of sulfur flower (96% sulfur) and 30% chicken litter (0.39% sulfur).
953Pesq. Vet. Bras. 30(11):953-957, novembro 2010 RESUMO.-Em uma propriedade do Município de Aparecida, no sertão da Paraíba, foi diagnosticada intoxicação por Indigofera suffruticosa em um rebanho de 25 vacas e um boi que foram colocados em um piquete que continha predominantemente I. suffruticosa onde permaneceram durante 10 dias. No quinto dia de pastejo o proprietário observou urina com coloração vermelho escura em uma vaca e ao final de dez dias de pastejo havia seis vacas doentes apresentando hemoglobinúria e diminuição na produção leiteira. No quinto dia após serem retiradas do pasto uma vaca apresentou agressividade e no sétimo dia foi encontrada morta pela manhã. Na necropsia o fígado apresentava coloração amarelada com pontos avermelhados e aumento do padrão lobular. A bexiga encontrava-se repleta com urina de cor vermelho escura. Os rins estavam escuros e com áreas hemorrágicas, de até 2mm, que se estendiam radialmente para dentro do córtex e parte da medula. Na histologia, os rins apresentavam áre-as multifocais de necrose tubular isquêmica aguda com deposição de hemoglobina nas células epiteliais e cilindros de hemoglobina nos túbulos. No fígado havia necrose de coagulação difusa paracentral e ocasionalmente centrolobular. Os demais bovinos afetados se recuperaram espontaneamente 3-8 dias após serem retirados da pastagem. Conclui-se que a intoxicação por I. suffruticosa
The objective of this study is to describe the clinical, epidemiological and anatomopathological aspects of a case of nasal rhinosporidiosis in a horse in the Northeast of Brazil. A 15-year-old female horse of mixed breed presented a nodule in the mucosa of the right nasal septum. Surgical excision was performed and sent for histopathological examination. Macroscopically, the nodule had an irregular and reddish surface, and when cut it was soft, whitish, and polypoid in shape. Microscopically, myriads of sporangia with endospores inside were observed in the lamina propria, morphologically similar to Rhinosporidium seeberi in various stages of maturation. The structures were also evidenced and marked by periodic acid Schiff (PAS), Grocott methenamine silver (GMS) and toluidine blue. The diagnosis of rhinosporidiosis was made based on macroscopic aspects and confirmed through histopathological examination. The presence of myriads of sporangia measuring 115 to 220 µm, containing endospores in its interior allowed the diagnosis. Although rhinosporidiosis is considered rare in Brazil, in the Northeast region there are descriptions of the disease in humans, suggesting that the disease in animals occurs and has possibly not been diagnosed. Therefore, it is important to include it as a differential diagnosis of diseases that affect the nasal cavity of horses in the region and that present similar lesions.
Enfisema subcutâneo é considerado como o acúmulo de gás no espaço subcutâneo e entre os feixes e fáscias musculares. O enfisema subcutâneo em equinos não é comum e pode ocorrer devido perfurações na traqueia ou em tecido cutâneo em regiões de intensa movimentação como resultado da sucção de ar para o espaço subcutâneo. Este relato consiste na descrição de uma égua da raça Quarto de milha, de cinco anos de idade, que sofreu um trauma perfurante na altura da região axilar decorrente de uma chifrada de um bovino. O animal foi atendido no Hospital Veterinário - Adílio Santos Azevedo (HV-ASA), do Instituto Federal da Paraíba – campus de Sousa, apresentando enfisema subcutâneo generalizado secundário a ferimento perfurante cuja melhora se deu com antibioticoterapia, terapia anti-inflamatória, limpeza diária da ferida e restrição da movimentação do animal. O animal recebeu alta após 21 dias. Observou-se assim que o enfisema generalizado secundário a feridas cutâneas pode apresentar um bom prognóstico, desde que diagnosticado e tratado corretamente.
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