953Pesq. Vet. Bras. 30(11):953-957, novembro 2010 RESUMO.-Em uma propriedade do Município de Aparecida, no sertão da Paraíba, foi diagnosticada intoxicação por Indigofera suffruticosa em um rebanho de 25 vacas e um boi que foram colocados em um piquete que continha predominantemente I. suffruticosa onde permaneceram durante 10 dias. No quinto dia de pastejo o proprietário observou urina com coloração vermelho escura em uma vaca e ao final de dez dias de pastejo havia seis vacas doentes apresentando hemoglobinúria e diminuição na produção leiteira. No quinto dia após serem retiradas do pasto uma vaca apresentou agressividade e no sétimo dia foi encontrada morta pela manhã. Na necropsia o fígado apresentava coloração amarelada com pontos avermelhados e aumento do padrão lobular. A bexiga encontrava-se repleta com urina de cor vermelho escura. Os rins estavam escuros e com áreas hemorrágicas, de até 2mm, que se estendiam radialmente para dentro do córtex e parte da medula. Na histologia, os rins apresentavam áre-as multifocais de necrose tubular isquêmica aguda com deposição de hemoglobina nas células epiteliais e cilindros de hemoglobina nos túbulos. No fígado havia necrose de coagulação difusa paracentral e ocasionalmente centrolobular. Os demais bovinos afetados se recuperaram espontaneamente 3-8 dias após serem retirados da pastagem. Conclui-se que a intoxicação por I. suffruticosa
Background
Intestinal microbiota are recognized as an organ with important physiological functions whose alterations have been associated with common diseases including inflammatory intestinal conditions, malnutrition, type‐2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. The composition and function of the microbiota in the distal part of the intestine has been mainly described, while there is limited information on the small intestine microbiota. The objective of the present study was to describe the duodenal microbiome in individuals with dyspepsia in the presence or absence of Helicobacter pylori gastric infection.
Materials and Methods
Thirty‐eight biopsies from the proximal duodenum of uninfected and 37 from H pylori‐infected individuals were analyzed. Microbiota composition was assessed by PCR amplification and sequencing of 16S rRNA and ITS genes; sequences were analyzed with QIIME2.
Results and Conclusions
At the phyla level, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, and Fusobacteria were predominant in the mucosal associated duodenal microbiota (MAM); at the genera level, we observed the predominance of Ralstonia, Streptococcus, Pseudomonas, Haemophilus, Herbaspirillum, Neisseria, and Veillonella. Microbiota α‐diversity was higher in H pylori‐infected individuals than in non‐infected ones. In terms of β‐diversity metrics, there was a statistically significant difference between groups. Also, relative abundance of Haemophilus, Neisseria, Prevotella pallens, Prevotella 7, and Streptococcus was greater in H pylori‐infected patients. In infected patients, several types of H pylori were present in duodenal MAM. Finally, the majority of duodenal samples had fungi sequences; the most common taxa observed were Recurvomyces followed by Ascomycota and Basidiomycota.
Objective: This study aimed to obtain standardised dry extracts of Miracrodruon urundeuva Allemão using spray-dryer and evaluate the stability of the extracts.
Methods:It evaluated the drying parameters: Proportion of colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD) (10, 15 and 20%), inlet temperature (160, 170 and 180 °C) and feed rate (4, 6 and 8 ml/min). The study of the accelerated stability of dry extract occurred in temperature of 40 °C (±2 °C) and relative humidity of 75% (±5%) for 6 mo. The anti-inflammatory activity of the dry extract was evaluated in Swiss mice by the paw edema method.
Results:Variations in drying conditions did not represent significant variations in yields of the process. The drying temperature and feed rate significantly influenced the concentration of quercetin (p≤0.05). The increase in inlet temperature and feed flow promoted the increase of quercetin concentration in the extracts. The stability study showed that the concentration of quercetin in dry extract was stable over a period of 6 mo. The dry extract showed anti-inflammatory activity in mice orally.
Conclusion:A condition of 10% of colloidal silicon dioxide with an 180 °C inlet temperature and a feed rate of 8 ml/min was considered the most adequate for obtaining the extracts and the drying process resulted in stable dry extracts and the quercetin was a suitable biomarker for monitoring the process.
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