Background: The role of Capnocytophaga species in oral health and disease is not well studied, and there are no reports from India about their prevalence in the oral cavity� Few attempts have been made to identify all seven cultivable species of Capnocytophaga from gingival pocket� The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of Capnocytophaga species in healthy individuals, gingivitis, and periodontitis using phenotypic tests� Materials and Methods: A total of 150 adult subjects between the age ranges of 20-55 years were included in the study comprised of 50 each of subjects with gingivitis, periodontitis, and healthy individuals� Subgingival plaque was collected and cultured on blood agar, TBBP, and Dentaid media. Species identification was done by performing biochemical tests and hydrolysis tests� Results: Among 150 samples, 28 (18�67%) yielded Capnocytophaga species� The prevalence of Capnocytophaga species was statistically analyzed using Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U-test, and Fisher's exact test� The prevalence was higher in healthy individuals (30%), compared to gingivitis (14%) and periodontitis (12%)� The prevalence of Capnocytophaga ochracea, Capnocytophaga gingivalis, and Capnocytophaga granulosa was more in healthy individuals than in gingivitis and periodontitis� Conclusion: We conclude that Capnocytophaga is more frequent in healthy human mouth than in diseased individuals� There is a need to further study both sub-and supragingival plaques for the presence of this organism�
Background: Among the many oral bacteria residing in the oral cavity, Porphyromonas gingivalis is known to be the major organism associated with periodontitis. Different methods have been used for identification. However, culture is the gold standard in identification. Culture helps in characterization of the physiologic characters, identification pathogenic traits, virulence factors, etc. Gene alterations can be studied better if the organism is cultivated in the laboratory. Aims and Objectives: The aims and objectives were to study the isolation of P. gingivalis from subgingival plaque samples of periodontally healthy and diseased individuals by culture and phenotypic identification. Materials and Methods: A total of 400 subjects each with 200 chronic periodontitis and healthy individuals were selected. Patients meeting all criteria's samples were inoculated on Blood agar fortified with Hemin and Vitamin K media. Phenotypic characterization was done by morphological and biochemical analysis to identify P. gingivalis. Results: Of 400 samples, 173 were male and 227 were female. In chronic periodontitis, 119 were female and 81 were male. The total sample positive for P gingivalis was 288. In chronic periodontitis, the positivity for P gingivalis was 179. The positivity for P gingivalis was more in females 168. Conclusion: Identification of anaerobic microbes can be easily done these anaerobic culture techniques. Hence, we recommend using these techniques in the identification of oral anaerobes as a routine laboratory procedure which is lacking in our country.
Background & Objectives: Assays for neutrophils constitute an important component of screening tests in clinical immunology. There are no standard protocols for performing many of these tests and procedures vary from one laboratory to another. In addition, normal ranges for these assays in healthy Indian population have not been defined. Hence, an attempt is made to evaluate and present a simple technique for WBC isolation and NBT test.
Methods: The study involved participation of 30 healthy adult volunteers. Ten of blood sample collected from each subject was subjected to three different procedures for isolation of WBCs - Ficoll-Hypaque gradient, dextran sedimentation and gelatin sedimentation methods. Cells isolated from these procedures were then used to perform NBT test. Smears were prepared, stained with Giemsa and results were expressed as % of stimulated and unstimulated cells.
Results: The mean cell yield from both dextran and gelatin methods was comparable (2921.67cells vs 2806.67cells/cu mm). The cell yield from Ficoll-Hypaque method was much lower (1408.33 cells/cu mm). In NBT test, the mean readings of stimulated (61%) and unstimulated cells (18%) were almost similar in all three procedures of cell isolation.
Conclusions: Comparison of procedures show that gelatin and dextran sedimentation methods yield high amount of relatively purified WBCs. The efficacy of cells isolated from all three procedures in NBT test was almost similar. The range of stimulated and unstimualted cells in the subjects were within expected levels. Gelatin sedimentation is economical, easy to perform and can be adopted to any clinical laboratory for WBC isolation.
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