The mechanical property mismatch between vascular patches and native blood vessels can result in post-operation failure, so it is important to develop vascular patches that mimic the biomechanical properties of...
Vascular transplantation is an effective strategy against
cardiovascular
diseases (CVD), and artificial vascular patches are of urgent need
across the world. In this work, we designed a multifunctional decellularized
scaffolds (DCS)-based vascular patch for porcine vascular repair.
Ammonium phosphate zwitter-ion (APZI) and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)
hydrogel were coated on the surface of DCS to improve the mechanical
properties and biocompatibility of an artificial vascular patch. Then
a heparin (Hep)-loaded metal–organic framework (MOF) further
decorated the artificial vascular patches to inhibit blood coagulation
and promote vascular endothelialization. The obtained artificial vascular
patch showed suitable mechanical properties, good biocompatibility,
and blood compatibility. In addition, the proliferation and adhesion
of endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) on the surface of artificial
vascular patch improved a lot when compared with unmodified PVA/DCS.
According to the results of B-ultrasound and CT images, the artificial
vascular patch could maintain the patency of the implant site after
implanting into the pig carotid artery. The current results solidly
support that a MOF-Hep/APZI-PVA/DCS vascular patch would be an excellent
vascular replacement material.
Vascular patches play an important role in vascular reparation and cardiovascular diseases therapy. Recently, decellularized scaffold (DCS)-based vascular patches have drawn attention for their good biocompatibility and blood compatibility. In this work, we developed a poly(vinyl alcohol)-coated DCS as a vascular patch for vascular regeneration. Polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEMs) were further decorated on the surface via layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly to improve the biocompatibility of the vascular patch. According to the in vitro experiment, the vascular patch exhibited rapid endothelialization and good hemocompatibility. Compared with unmodified poly(vinyl alcohol)/DCS, the PEM-modified vascular patch possesses improved hemocompatibility, for example, enhanced anti-platelet adhesion ability, prolonged in vitro coagulation time, and decreased hemolysis rate. Therefore, this vascular patch is conducive to the proliferation and attachment of endothelial progenitor cells. Meanwhile, the in vivo performance in a porcine model was investigated with the in vivo computed tomography angiography and B ultrasound was used to further confirm the vascular regeneration. Excitedly, the porcine artery could remain unblocked for 5 months after implantation. Our current research provides a potential strategy for treating diseased blood vessels in clinical surgery.
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